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Environmental science and pollution research international
Nov, 2022;29 (55): 82660-82680.

Concentrations, bioaccumulation, and health risk assessments of heavy metals in fishes from Nigeria's freshwater: a general overview.

Oluwaseyi Aderemi Ajala, Margret Racheal Oke, Temitope Fausat Ajibade, Fidelis Odedishemi Ajibade, Bashir Adelodun, Joshua O Ighalo, Margaret Opeyemi Ajala, Pankaj Kumar, Hailu Demissie, Adamu Yunusa Ugya, Ishaq Dimeji Sulaymon, Luis F O Silva
Author Information
  1. Oluwaseyi Aderemi Ajala: Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, 200284, Nigeria.
  2. Margret Racheal Oke: Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology, Kwara State Polytechnic, PMB 1375, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
  3. Temitope Fausat Ajibade: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, 340110, Nigeria.
  4. Fidelis Odedishemi Ajibade: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, 340110, Nigeria. foajibade@futa.edu.ng. ORCID
  5. Bashir Adelodun: Department of Agricultural Civil Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea.
  6. Joshua O Ighalo: Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, PMB 5025, Awka, Nigeria.
  7. Margaret Opeyemi Ajala: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Microbiology Unit, Kwara State University, 23431, PMB 1530, Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria.
  8. Pankaj Kumar: Agro-ecology and Pollution Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249404, India.
  9. Hailu Demissie: Department of Chemistry, Arba Minch University, 1000, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
  10. Adamu Yunusa Ugya: Department of Environmental Management, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria.
  11. Ishaq Dimeji Sulaymon: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China.
  12. Luis F O Silva: Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58 #55-66, 080002, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
PMID: 36219291 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23390-1

Abstract

Heavy metals (HMs) have attracted global attention due to their toxicity, persistence, and accumulation in aquatic fish in the polluted water environment. The consumption of these fishes exposed humans to a higher risk of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks. In this study, we provided a critical overview of the potential sources and concentration of HMs in Nigeria's freshwater. Furthermore, we reported their pollution level in widely eaten fish species in the country. Our findings show that effluent from anthropogenic and industrial activities is one of the major sources HMs in the country. The mean concentration of Zn (9.02 mg/L), As (7.25 mg/L), Cu (4.35 mg/L), Fe (1.77 mg/L), and Pb (1.46 mg/L) in Nigeria's freshwaters were found to be high than Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality permissible limit. This study demonstrated considerable health risks associated HMs via dietary consumption of different fishes from polluted waters. Therefore, we recommended an urgent need for effective management HMs in water bodies in order to protect the lives of people living in the country.

Keywords

Fish Freshwater Health risks Heavy metals Nigeria Pollution

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MeSH Term

Humans
Animals
Bioaccumulation
Nigeria
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Metals, Heavy
Fishes
Fresh Water
Risk Assessment
Environmental Monitoring

Chemicals

Water Pollutants, Chemical
Metals, Heavy
Journal Article Review
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