Monotropein Protects against Inflammatory Bone Loss and Suppresses Osteoclast Formation and Bone Resorption by Inhibiting NFATc1 via NF-κB and Akt/GSK-3β Pathway.
Qi Zhang, Sijing Hu, Yuqiong He, Zile Song, Yi Shen, Zihui Zhao, Quanlong Zhang, Luping Qin, Qiaoyan Zhang
Author Information
Qi Zhang: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
Sijing Hu: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
Yuqiong He: Institute of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Zile Song: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
Yi Shen: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
Zihui Zhao: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
Quanlong Zhang: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China. ORCID
Luping Qin: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
Qiaoyan Zhang: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
Monotropein (Mon) is a kind of iridoid glycoside plant secondary metabolite primarily present in some edible and medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mon on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory bone loss in mice and osteoclasts (OCs) derived from bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), and explore the mechanisms underlying the effect of Mon on LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis. It was found that Mon markedly attenuated deterioration of the bone micro-architecture, enhanced tissue mineral content (TMC) and bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), reduced structure model index (SMI) and trabecular separation/spacing (Tb.Sp) in the bone tissue and decreased the activities of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b), receptor activator NF-κB (RANK), and receptor activator NF-κB ligand (RANKL) as well as the serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in LPS-treated mice. In addition, Mon treatment reduced the number of TRAP positive OCs in the bone tissue of LPS-treated mice and also exerted a stronger inhibitory effect on formation, differentiation, and F-actin ring construction of OCs derived from BMMs. Mon significantly inhibited the expression of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells c1 (NFATc1) and the immediate early gene (C-Fos) and nuclear translocation of NFATc1 in LPS-treated OCs, thereby inhibiting the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), cathepsin K (CtsK), and TRAP. Mon significantly inhibited the expression of TRAF6, phosphorylation of P65, and degradation of IKBα, thus inhibiting the activation of NF-κB pathway in LPS-induced inflammatory mice and OCs derived from BMMs, and also inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) in OCs derived from BMMs. In conclusion, these results suggested that Mon could effectively inhibit osteoclastogenesis both in vitro and in vivo and therefore may prove to be potential option for prevention and treatment of osteoclastic bone resorption-related diseases.
