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The Journal of clinical investigation
02 01, 2023;133 (3):

Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored vaccine induces long-lasting immunity against Nipah virus disease.

Courtney Woolsey, Viktoriya Borisevich, Alyssa C Fears, Krystle N Agans, Daniel J Deer, Abhishek N Prasad, Rachel O'Toole, Stephanie L Foster, Natalie S Dobias, Joan B Geisbert, Karla A Fenton, Robert W Cross, Thomas W Geisbert
Author Information
  1. Courtney Woolsey: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  2. Viktoriya Borisevich: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  3. Alyssa C Fears: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  4. Krystle N Agans: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  5. Daniel J Deer: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  6. Abhishek N Prasad: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  7. Rachel O'Toole: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  8. Stephanie L Foster: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  9. Natalie S Dobias: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  10. Joan B Geisbert: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  11. Karla A Fenton: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  12. Robert W Cross: Galveston National Laboratory and.
  13. Thomas W Geisbert: Galveston National Laboratory and.
PMID: 36445779 DOI: 10.1172/JCI164946

Abstract

The emergence of the novel henipavirus, Langya virus, received global attention after the virus sickened over three dozen people in China. There is heightened concern that henipaviruses, as respiratory pathogens, could spark another pandemic, most notably the deadly Nipah virus (NiV). NiV causes near-annual outbreaks in Bangladesh and India and induces a highly fatal respiratory disease and encephalitis in humans. No licensed countermeasures against this pathogen exist. An ideal NiV vaccine would confer both fast-acting and long-lived protection. Recently, we reported the generation of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based (rVSV-based) vaccine expressing the NiV glycoprotein (rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG) that protected 100% of nonhuman primates from NiV-associated lethality within a week. Here, to evaluate the durability of rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG, we vaccinated African green monkeys (AGMs) one year before challenge with an uniformly lethal dose of NiV. The rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG vaccine induced stable and robust humoral responses, whereas cellular responses were modest. All immunized AGMs (whether receiving a single dose or prime-boosted) survived with no detectable clinical signs or NiV replication. Transcriptomic analyses indicated that adaptive immune signatures correlated with vaccine-mediated protection. While vaccines for certain respiratory infections (e.g., COVID-19) have yet to provide durable protection, our results suggest that rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG elicits long-lasting immunity.

Keywords

Adaptive immunity Infectious disease Vaccines

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Grants

  1. UC7 AI094660/NIAID NIH HHS

MeSH Term

Animals
Humans
Chlorocebus aethiops
Nipah Virus
Antibodies, Viral
Viral Vaccines
Vesicular Stomatitis
COVID-19
Vesiculovirus

Chemicals

Antibodies, Viral
Viral Vaccines
Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Article has an altmetric score of 6

Word Cloud

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