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Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology
Jan, 2024;210 (1): 7-18.

Understanding daily rhythms in weakly electric fish: the role of melatonin on the electric behavior of Brachyhypopomus gauderio.

Juan I Vazquez, Valentina Gascue, Laura Quintana, Adriana Migliaro
Author Information
  1. Juan I Vazquez: Dpto de Neurofisiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, MEC, Montevideo, Uruguay.
  2. Valentina Gascue: Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
  3. Laura Quintana: Dpto de Neurofisiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, MEC, Montevideo, Uruguay. ORCID
  4. Adriana Migliaro: Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay. amigliaro@fcien.edu.uy. ORCID
PMID: 37002418 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-023-01626-w

Abstract

Living organisms display molecular, physiological and behavioral rhythms synchronized with natural environmental cycles. Understanding the interaction between environment, physiology and behavior requires taking into account the complexity of natural habitats and the diversity of behavioral and physiological adaptations. Brachyhypopomus gauderio is characterized by the emission of electric organ discharges (EOD), with a very stable rate modulated by social and environmental cues. The nocturnal arousal in B. gauderio coincides with a melatonin-dependent EOD rate increase. Here, we first show a daily cycle in both the EOD basal rate (EOD-BR) and EOD-BR variability of B. gauderio in nature. We approached the understanding of the role of melatonin in this natural behavior through both behavioral pharmacology and in vitro assays. We report, for the first time in gymnotiformes, a direct effect of melatonin on the pacemaker nucleus (PN) in in vitro preparation. Melatonin treatment lowered EOD-BR in freely moving fish and PN basal rate, while increasing the variability of both. These results show that melatonin plays a key role in modulating the electric behavior of B. gauderio through its effect on rate and variability, both of which must be under a tight temporal regulation to prepare the animal for the challenging nocturnal environment.

Keywords

Daily rhythms Electric behavior Melatonin Neural bases of behavior Pacemaker

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Grants

  1. FCE_3_126178/Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación
  2. Grupo 883158/Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica

MeSH Term

Animals
Electric Fish
Melatonin
Gymnotiformes
Electric Organ
Behavior, Animal

Chemicals

Melatonin
Journal Article

Word Cloud

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