Biomaterials and nanomedicine for bone regeneration: Progress and future prospects.
Jun Zhou, Zhongyang Zhang, John Joseph, Xingcai Zhang, Bijan Emiliano Ferdows, Dylan Neal Patel, Wei Chen, Giuseppe Banfi, Roberto Molinaro, Donato Cosco, Na Kong, Nitin Joshi, Omid C Farokhzad, Claudia Corbo, Wei Tao
Author Information
Jun Zhou: Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.
Zhongyang Zhang: Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.
John Joseph: Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.
Xingcai Zhang: School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA. ORCID
Bijan Emiliano Ferdows: Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.
Dylan Neal Patel: Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.
Wei Chen: Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.
Giuseppe Banfi: IRCCS Galeazzi Milano Italy.
Roberto Molinaro: IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital Milano Italy.
Donato Cosco: Department of Health Science Campus Universitario-Germaneto "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro Catanzaro Italy.
Na Kong: Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.
Nitin Joshi: Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.
Omid C Farokhzad: Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA.
Claudia Corbo: School of Medicine and Surgery Nanomedicine Center Nanomib University of Milano-Bicocca Vedano al Lambro Italy.
Wei Tao: Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA. ORCID
Bone defects pose a heavy burden on patients, orthopedic surgeons, and public health resources. Various pathological conditions cause bone defects including trauma, tumors, inflammation, osteoporosis, and so forth. Auto- and allograft transplantation have been developed as the most commonly used clinic treatment methods, among which autologous bone grafts are the golden standard. Yet the repair of bone defects, especially large-volume defects in the geriatric population or those complicated with systemic disease, is still a challenge for regenerative medicine from the clinical perspective. The fast development of biomaterials and nanomedicine favors the emergence and promotion of efficient bone regeneration therapies. In this review, we briefly summarize the progress of novel biomaterial and nanomedical approaches to bone regeneration and then discuss the current challenges that still hinder their clinical applications in treating bone defects.
