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Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
09 04, 2023;25 (11): 1770-1780.

Development of "Baby, Me, & NRT": A Behavioral Intervention to Improve the Effectiveness of Nicotine Replacement Therapy in Pregnancy.

Lisa McDaid, Joanne Emery, Ross Thomson, Tim Coleman, Sue Cooper, Anne Dickinson, Darren Kinahan-Goodwin, Lucy Phillips, Felix Naughton
Author Information
  1. Lisa McDaid: School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UL, UK. ORCID
  2. Joanne Emery: School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UL, UK. ORCID
  3. Ross Thomson: Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
  4. Tim Coleman: Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK. ORCID
  5. Sue Cooper: Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
  6. Anne Dickinson: Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
  7. Darren Kinahan-Goodwin: Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK. ORCID
  8. Lucy Phillips: Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK. ORCID
  9. Felix Naughton: School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UL, UK. ORCID
PMID: 37349134 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad102

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation in pregnancy is limited by inconsistent and incorrect use. This paper describes the development process for "Baby, Me, & NRT", a novel pregnancy-specific intervention aimed at enhancing adherence to NRT.
METHODS: An integrated approach to intervention development was used, combining evidence, theory, stakeholders' feedback, and tailoring principles. The process involved six iterative steps: (1) synthesizing relevant published evidence and guidance, (2) collecting primary qualitative data on barriers and facilitators to NRT adherence along with potential intervention design features, (3) identifying relevant behavioral theories and mapping the evidence against these, (4) prioritizing behavioral determinants identified in steps 1 and 2, generating intervention objectives, and identifying behavior change techniques which target the prioritized determinants, (5) consulting with stakeholders on intervention components, key content and tailoring features, and (6) producing a prototype intervention along with implementation guidance.
RESULTS: The prototype intervention comprises of a multi-component, 1-month cessation programme, which includes six enhanced behavioral support sessions delivered by a trained advisor, tailored text messages, a website, and an illustrated booklet. It promotes the uptake of high-dose and combination NRT, emphasizes the importance of adherence, addresses motivation to use NRT, proactively helps problem solve NRT use issues, and provides guidance on preventing and managing smoking lapses.
CONCLUSION: The development process generated an evidence- and theory-guided intervention, designed with stakeholder input, aimed at improving NRT effectiveness for smoking cessation in pregnancy. The prototype intervention has since been optimized and is being evaluated in a randomized controlled trial.

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Grants

  1. RP-PG-0615-20003/National Institute for Health Research

MeSH Term

Female
Humans
Pregnancy
Behavior Therapy
Smoking
Smoking Cessation
Tobacco Smoking
Tobacco Use Cessation Devices
Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Article has an altmetric score of 5

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0interventionNRTsmokingcessationusedevelopmentprocessadherenceevidenceguidancebehavioralprototypeeffectivenessNicotineReplacementTherapypregnancy"Baby&aimedtailoringsix1relevant2alongfeaturesidentifyingdeterminantsBACKGROUND:limitedinconsistentincorrectpaperdescribesNRT"novelpregnancy-specificenhancingMETHODS:integratedapproachusedcombiningtheorystakeholders'feedbackprinciplesinvolvediterativesteps:synthesizingpublishedcollectingprimaryqualitativedatabarriersfacilitatorspotentialdesign3theoriesmapping4prioritizingidentifiedstepsgeneratingobjectivesbehaviorchangetechniquestargetprioritized5consultingstakeholderscomponentskeycontent6producingimplementationRESULTS:comprisesmulti-component1-monthprogrammeincludesenhancedsupportsessionsdeliveredtrainedadvisortailoredtextmessageswebsiteillustratedbookletpromotesuptakehigh-dosecombinationemphasizesimportanceaddressesmotivationproactivelyhelpsproblemsolveissuesprovidespreventingmanaginglapsesCONCLUSION:generatedevidence-theory-guideddesignedstakeholderinputimprovingsinceoptimizedevaluatedrandomizedcontrolledtrialDevelopmentNRT":BehavioralInterventionImproveEffectivenessPregnancy

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