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2023;11 e15337.

Immunostimulation of (Araneae: Theridiidae) in juvenile and adult stages. Immunity reactions to injury with foreign body and infection.

Agnieszka Ewa Czerwonka, Marta Katarzyna Sawadro, Jolanta Brożek, Agnieszka Izabela Babczyńska
Author Information
  1. Agnieszka Ewa Czerwonka: University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland. ORCID
  2. Marta Katarzyna Sawadro: University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
  3. Jolanta Brożek: University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
  4. Agnieszka Izabela Babczyńska: University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
PMID: 37483985 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15337

Abstract

To assess the immune potential of spiders, in the present study juvenile and adult females of were exposed to infection, injury by a nylon monofilament and a combination of both. The expression level of selected immune-related genes: defensin 1 (Pt), lysozyme 1 (Pt), lysozyme C (Pt), lysozyme M1 (Pt), autophagy-related protein 101 (Pt), dynamin (Pt) and heat shock proteins (HSP70) (Pt, Pt, Pt), production of lysozyme and HSP70 proteins, and hemocytes viability were measured. The obtained results indicated expression of the lysozyme, autophagy-related protein and HSP70 genes in both ontogenetic stages of . It has been also shown that the simultaneous action of mechanical and biological factors causes higher level of lysozyme and HSP70, cell apoptosis intensity and lower level of hemocytes viability than in the case of exposure to a single immunostimulant. Moreover, mature females showed stronger early immune responses compared to juveniles.

Keywords

Bacterial infection Immunocompetence Immunostimulants Immunostimulation Injury Invertebrate immunity Parasteatoda tepidariorum Spider

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MeSH Term

Animals
Female
Bacillus subtilis
Foreign Bodies
Spiders
Arthropod Proteins
Age Factors
Gene Expression Regulation
Apoptosis
Hemocytes

Chemicals

Arthropod Proteins
Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Article has an altmetric score of 1

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0PtlysozymeHSP70infectionlevelimmunejuvenileadultfemalesinjuryexpression1autophagy-relatedproteinproteinshemocytesviabilitystagesImmunostimulationassesspotentialspiderspresentstudyexposednylonmonofilamentcombinationselectedimmune-relatedgenes:defensinCM1101dynaminheatshockproductionmeasuredobtainedresultsindicatedgenesontogeneticalsoshownsimultaneousactionmechanicalbiologicalfactorscauseshighercellapoptosisintensitylowercaseexposuresingleimmunostimulantMoreovermatureshowedstrongerearlyresponsescomparedjuvenilesAraneae:TheridiidaeImmunityreactionsforeignbodyBacterialImmunocompetenceImmunostimulantsInjuryInvertebrateimmunityParasteatodatepidariorumSpider

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