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Infectious Disease Modelling
Sep, 2023;8 (3): 855-864.

An immuno-epidemiological model for transient immune protection: A case study for viral respiratory infections.

A Hoyer-Leitzel, S M Iams, A J Haslam-Hyde, M L Zeeman, N H Fefferman
Author Information
  1. A Hoyer-Leitzel: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Mount Holyoke College, 50 College St, South Hadley, MA, 01075, USA.
  2. S M Iams: John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, USA.
  3. A J Haslam-Hyde: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, USA.
  4. M L Zeeman: Department of Mathematics, Bowdoin College, USA.
  5. N H Fefferman: Dept of Mathematics & Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology & NIMBioS, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA.
PMID: 37502609 DOI: 10.1016/j.idm.2023.07.004

Abstract

The dynamics of infectious disease in a population critically involves both within-host pathogen replication and between host pathogen transmission. While modeling efforts have recently explored how within-host dynamics contribute to shaping population transmission, fewer have explored how ongoing circulation of an epidemic infectious disease can impact within-host immunological dynamics. We present a simple, influenza-inspired model that explores the potential for re-exposure during a single, ongoing outbreak to shape individual immune response and epidemiological potential in non-trivial ways. We show how even a simplified system can exhibit complex ongoing dynamics and sensitive thresholds in behavior. We also find epidemiological stochasticity likely plays a critical role in reinfection or in the maintenance of individual immunological protection over time.

Keywords

Flow-kick dynamics Immune boosting Immuno-epidemiology Priming number Viral-immune mathematical model

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Journal Article
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