- Malissa Mathew Dmello: Department of MES's, H. K. College of Pharmacy, Jogeshwari (West), Mumbai, 400102, Maharashtra, India.
- Geeta Bhagwat: Department of Pharmaceutics, DY Patil University School of Pharmacy, Nerul, Navi-Mumbai 400607, India.
Diabetes is a chronic, long-term, incurable, but controllable condition. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia that results from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. People who have diabetes often experience a variety of symptoms, including blurry vision, excessive thirst, fatigue, frequent urination, hunger, and weight loss. This review article includes a discussion on diabetes types, symptoms, diagnostic tests, and various therapies for treating, controlling, and managing blood glucose levels, with a focus on its most recent innovation of therapies and medications. Diabetes management will also be reviewed, along with clinical pharmacodynamics, bioavailability, advantages, and complications of combined drugs/medications.