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Journal of evolutionary biology
10, 2023;36 (10): 1438-1454.

Phenotypic variation and genomic variation in insect virulence traits reveal patterns of intraspecific diversity in a locust-specific fungal pathogen.

Dinah Parker, Nicolai V Meyling, Henrik H De Fine Licht
Author Information
  1. Dinah Parker: Section for Organismal Biology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. ORCID
  2. Nicolai V Meyling: Section for Organismal Biology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. ORCID
  3. Henrik H De Fine Licht: Section for Organismal Biology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. ORCID
PMID: 37702110 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14214

Abstract

Intraspecific pathogen diversity is crucial for understanding the evolution and maintenance of adaptation in host-pathogen interactions. Traits associated with virulence are often a significant source of variation directly impacted by local selection pressures. The specialist fungal entomopathogen, Metarhizium acridum, has been widely implemented as a biological control agent of locust pests in tropical regions of the world. However, few studies have accounted for natural intraspecific phenotypic and genetic variation. Here, we examine the diversity of nine isolates of M. acridum spanning the known geographic distribution, in terms of (1) virulence towards two locust species, (2) growth rates on three diverse nutrient sources, and (3) comparative genomics to uncover genomic variability. Significant variability in patterns of virulence and growth was shown among the isolates, suggesting intraspecific ecological specialization. Different patterns of virulence were shown between the two locust species, indicative of potential host preference. Additionally, a high level of diversity among M. acridum isolates was observed, revealing increased variation in subtilisin-like proteases from the Pr1 family. These results culminate in the first in-depth analysis regarding multiple facets of natural variation in M. acridum, offering opportunities to understand critical evolutionary drivers of intraspecific diversity in pathogens.

Keywords

Metharizium Orthoptera biocontrol entomopathogenic fungi virulence

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MeSH Term

Animals
Grasshoppers
Virulence
Insecta
Genomics
Biological Variation, Population
Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Article has an altmetric score of 9

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