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Aug 29, 2023;12 (9):

From Chaos to Opportunity: Decoding Cancer Heterogeneity for Enhanced Treatment Strategies.

Alessandro Ottaiano, Monica Ianniello, Mariachiara Santorsola, Raffaella Ruggiero, Roberto Sirica, Francesco Sabbatino, Francesco Perri, Marco Cascella, Massimiliano Di Marzo, Massimiliano Berretta, Michele Caraglia, Guglielmo Nasti, Giovanni Savarese
Author Information
  1. Alessandro Ottaiano: Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy. ORCID
  2. Monica Ianniello: AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy.
  3. Mariachiara Santorsola: Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy.
  4. Raffaella Ruggiero: AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy.
  5. Roberto Sirica: AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy.
  6. Francesco Sabbatino: Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy. ORCID
  7. Francesco Perri: Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy. ORCID
  8. Marco Cascella: Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy. ORCID
  9. Massimiliano Di Marzo: Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy.
  10. Massimiliano Berretta: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
  11. Michele Caraglia: Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy. ORCID
  12. Guglielmo Nasti: Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy.
  13. Giovanni Savarese: AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy.
PMID: 37759584 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091183

Abstract

Cancer manifests as a multifaceted disease, characterized by aberrant cellular proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion. Tumors exhibit variances across diverse dimensions, encompassing genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptional realms. This heterogeneity poses significant challenges in prognosis and treatment, affording tumors advantages through an increased propensity to accumulate mutations linked to immune system evasion and drug resistance. In this review, we offer insights into tumor heterogeneity as a crucial characteristic of cancer, exploring the difficulties associated with measuring and quantifying such heterogeneity from clinical and biological perspectives. By emphasizing the critical nature of understanding tumor heterogeneity, this work contributes to raising awareness about the importance of developing effective cancer therapies that target this distinct and elusive trait of cancer.

Keywords

cancer heterogeneity epigenetics genetics mutations

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