is one of the most commonly reported foodborne bacteria worldwide. Although and have been reported to be responsible for the great majority of campylobacteriosis, the burden of infections by species other than and have been increasing as a result of a transition to diagnostic test methods that enable the isolation of emerging species. The aim of the present study was to recover , , and emerging species from the stool samples of 500 patients with gastroenteritis and 100 healthy subjects via the use of a filtration method and culture techniques using Butzler agar and mCCDA under a microaerobic or hydrogen-enriched atmosphere, identify the species by multiplex PCR methods and assess the significance of emerging species in enteric diseases. Thirty-one (6.2%) spp. were isolated from the stool samples of diarrheic patients but none from healthy individuals. Of 31 isolates, 21 (67.8%), nine (29%), and one (3.2%) were identified as , , and by multiplex PCR, respectively. The filtration method was superior to the culture technique using mCCDA under a microaerobic atmosphere. was evaluated as the etiology of gastroenteritis as a result of laboratory and clinical evaluations. The present study was the first to indicate that emerging species are rarely detected and is linked to acute gastroenteritis in Turkey where additional studies are warranted to clarify the significance of emerging species in gastroenteritis.
