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World journal of microbiology & biotechnology
Dec 07, 2023;40 (1): 28.

Biodegradation of furfuryl alcohol by indigenous Bacillus species of industrial effluent-contaminated sites: estimation, biokinetics and toxicity assessment of bio-transformed metabolites.

Priyaragini Singh, Hagera Dilnashin, Kotnees Dinesh Kumar, Surya Pratap Singh, Rakesh Kumar
Author Information
  1. Priyaragini Singh: Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, 824236, India.
  2. Hagera Dilnashin: Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
  3. Kotnees Dinesh Kumar: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, 801106, India.
  4. Surya Pratap Singh: Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
  5. Rakesh Kumar: Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, 824236, India. krrakesh72@gmail.com.
PMID: 38057683 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03824-9

Abstract

Furfuryl alcohol (FA) and other furanic compounds have garnered considerable attention in the quest for sustainable alternatives. FA-based resins have been used in various sectors that entail the release of FA into the environment. Hence, to ensure sustainability in this scenario, devising a dependable approach to its degradation is imperative. Given the crucial role of bacterial strains in the biodegradation of various organic pollutants, this study investigates the microbial degradation of FA, using bacterial strains isolated from sites that are constantly exposed to industrial waste. Three potential isolates were identified as B. paramycoides, B. cereus, and B. tequilensis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. At a concentration of 300 µg/ml, these isolates demonstrated efficient FA degradation; 60-70% (at 300 µg/ml FA) and 50-60%, (at 500 µg/ml FA). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis further supported the result that the bacterial isolates consumed FA as the carbon source. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) facilitates the detection of the major metabolic intermediate product in which FA gets transformed. The prominent peaks at 113 and 119 m/z obtained in the MS spectra of the degraded FA samples indicated the possibility of the conversion of FA into furoic acid or levulinic acid. The phytotoxicity bioassay findings revealed the non-toxic nature of the bio-transformed products as compared to pure FA. This investigation presents the initial documentation of the FA degradative potential of Bacillus strains, thereby augmenting the understanding of the prospective implementation of Bacillus species in industrial waste treatment projects.

Keywords

Bacillus species Biodegradation FTIR Furfuryl alcohol HPLC LC–MS

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Grants

  1. 09/1144(0002)/2018-EMR-1/Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi

MeSH Term

Bacillus
Industrial Waste
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Prospective Studies
Biodegradation, Environmental

Chemicals

Industrial Waste
furfuryl alcohol
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Journal Article
Article has an altmetric score of 1

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0FABacillusalcoholdegradationbacterialstrainsindustrialisolatesBspeciesFurfurylvariouswastepotential300 µg/mlFTIRLiquidHPLCacidbio-transformedBiodegradationfuraniccompoundsgarneredconsiderableattentionquestsustainablealternativesFA-basedresinsusedsectorsentailreleaseenvironmentHenceensuresustainabilityscenariodevisingdependableapproachimperativeGivencrucialrolebiodegradationorganicpollutantsstudyinvestigatesmicrobialusingisolatedsitesconstantlyexposedThreeidentifiedparamycoidescereustequilensis16SrRNAgenesequencingconcentrationdemonstratedefficient60-70%50-60%500 µg/mlFourier-transforminfraredspectroscopyHigh-PerformanceChromatographyanalysissupportedresultconsumedcarbonsourcechromatography-massspectrometryLC-MSfacilitatesdetectionmajormetabolicintermediateproductgetstransformedprominentpeaks113119 m/zobtainedMSspectradegradedsamplesindicatedpossibilityconversionfuroiclevulinicphytotoxicitybioassayfindingsrevealednon-toxicnatureproductscomparedpureinvestigationpresentsinitialdocumentationdegradativetherebyaugmentingunderstandingprospectiveimplementationtreatmentprojectsfurfurylindigenouseffluent-contaminatedsites:estimationbiokineticstoxicityassessmentmetabolitesLC–MS

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