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Jan, 2024;7 (1): e1777.

A systematic methodology for epicardial and epiaortic echocardiography in swine research models.

Michelle C Galbas, Florian Meissner, Alexander Asmussen, Hendrik C Straky, Marius Schimmel, Johanna Reuter, Sebastian Grundmann, Martin Czerny, Wolfgang Bothe
Author Information
  1. Michelle C Galbas: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany. ORCID
  2. Florian Meissner: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany.
  3. Alexander Asmussen: Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany.
  4. Hendrik C Straky: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany.
  5. Marius Schimmel: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany.
  6. Johanna Reuter: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany.
  7. Sebastian Grundmann: Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany.
  8. Martin Czerny: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany.
  9. Wolfgang Bothe: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany.
PMID: 38186934 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1777

Abstract

Background: Perioperative echocardiography is of paramount importance during cardiac surgery. Nonetheless, in the experimental large-animal setting, it might be challenging obtaining optimal imaging when using conventional imaging acquisition techniques, such as transthoracic and transesophageal screenings. Open-chest surgery allows epicardial echocardiographic assessment with direct contact between probe and heart, thus providing superior quality. Standard protocols regarding the use of epicardial ultrasound in swine for research purposes are lacking.
Methods: Epicardial echocardiography was performed in 10 female German Landrace pigs undergoing cardiac surgery. A structured and comprehensive protocol for epicardial echocardiography was elaborated including apical, ventricular long and short axis, as well as epiaortic planes. All experiments were approved by the local board for animal welfare and conducted in accordance with the German animal protection law (TierSchG) and the ARRIVE guidelines.
Conclusions: Systematic protocols using epicardial echocardiography may serve as an additional tool to assess cardiac dimensions and function in experimental scenarios with swine models.

Keywords

animal model cardiac surgery intraoperative echocardiography swine

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Journal Article

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0echocardiographyepicardialcardiacsurgeryswineanimalexperimentalimagingusingprotocolsresearchGermanepiaorticmodelsBackground:PerioperativeparamountimportanceNonethelesslarge-animalsettingmightchallengingobtainingoptimalconventionalacquisitiontechniquestransthoracictransesophagealscreeningsOpen-chestallowsechocardiographicassessmentdirectcontactprobeheartthusprovidingsuperiorqualityStandardregardinguseultrasoundpurposeslackingMethods:Epicardialperformed10femaleLandracepigsundergoingstructuredcomprehensiveprotocolelaboratedincludingapicalventricularlongshortaxiswellplanesexperimentsapprovedlocalboardwelfareconductedaccordanceprotectionlawTierSchGARRIVEguidelinesConclusions:Systematicmayserveadditionaltoolassessdimensionsfunctionscenariossystematicmethodologymodelintraoperative

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