The elderly often suffer from "mild" dementia due to white matter disease, which is another name for repeated brain infarctions. The degeneration of white matter, which links various parts of the brain to the spinal cord, is the root cause of this disorder, which develops with age. Dementia, imbalance, and movement problems are symptoms of this degenerative disease that worsen with age. This research's goal is to study current therapy options and identify methods for early diagnosis of white matter illness. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement for meta-analyses and systematic reviews served as the basis for our literature review. Results from the search in ScienceDirect and Medline/Pubmed led to the finalization of 33 studies. The complex relationship between white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and neurological disorders is the subject of this comprehensive review, which sheds light on the varied terrain of WMH studies by highlighting their consequences and developing evaluation techniques.
