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The Journal of infectious diseases
Oct 16, 2024;230 (4): e798-e806.

Systematic Review of Household Transmission of Strep A: A Potential Site for Prevention That Has Eluded Attention.

Stephanie L Enkel, Samuel Barnes, Jessica Daw, Emma Pearson, Hannah M M Thomas, Nina Lansbury, Rosemary Wyber, Andrew M Redmond, Anna P Ralph, Jonathan R Carapetis, Asha C Bowen
Author Information
  1. Stephanie L Enkel: Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia. ORCID
  2. Samuel Barnes: School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
  3. Jessica Daw: Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia.
  4. Emma Pearson: Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia.
  5. Hannah M M Thomas: Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia.
  6. Nina Lansbury: School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
  7. Rosemary Wyber: Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia.
  8. Andrew M Redmond: School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
  9. Anna P Ralph: Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia.
  10. Jonathan R Carapetis: Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia. ORCID
  11. Asha C Bowen: Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia. ORCID
PMID: 38478731 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae136

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A) is the sixth-most common infectious disease globally, its transmission within the household remains an understudied driver of infection. We undertook a systematic review to better understand the transmission of Strep A among people within the home, while highlighting opportunities for prevention.
METHODS: A search strategy was applied to 5 databases between September 2022 and March 2023. Results were limited to articles published between January 2000 and March 2023. Texts were reviewed by 2 authors and the following data extracted: article details (title, author, year), study type, transmission year, country, participant age, infection status, molecular testing, and transmission mode. Funding was provided by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (GNT2010716).
RESULTS: The final analysis comprised 28 texts. Only 7 studies (25.0%) provided sufficient detail to identify the Strep A transmission mode: contact (n = 4), vehicle (bedding, clothing, other fabric, and medical equipment; n = 2), and contact with animals (n = 1). All others were classified as household (specific mode unascertainable). Most articles reported outbreaks involving invasive Strep A infections.
CONCLUSIONS: There is limited literature regarding household transmission of Strep A. Understanding transmission in this setting remains imperative to guide control methods.

Keywords

Streptococcus pyogenes households infectious disease systematic review transmission

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Grants

  1. /University of Western Australia
  2. /University of Queensland
  3. GNT1173874/NHMRC
  4. /an NHMRC Synergy

MeSH Term

Humans
Streptococcus pyogenes
Streptococcal Infections
Family Characteristics
Australia
Disease Outbreaks
Animals
Journal Article Systematic Review

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