Yan-Bing Liu: Interventional Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
Qian Wang: Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Yu-Ling Song: Department of Pediatrics, Huantai County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo, China.
Xiao-Min Song: Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Yu-Chen Fan: Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Lin Kong: Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Jing-Sai Zhang: Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Sheng Li: Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Yi-Ju Lv: Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Ze-Yang Li: Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Jing-Yu Dai: Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China. dr_djy@126.com.
Zhen-Kang Qiu: Interventional Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China. dr_qiuzk@126.com. ORCID
Heart failure (HF) can be caused by a variety of causes characterized by abnormal myocardial systole and diastole. Ca current through the L-type calcium channel (LTCC) on the membrane is the initial trigger signal for a cardiac cycle. Declined systole and diastole in HF are associated with dysfunction of myocardial Ca function. This disorder can be correlated with unbalanced levels of phosphorylation / dephosphorylation of LTCC, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and myofilament. Kinase and phosphatase activity changes along with HF progress, resulting in phased changes in the degree of phosphorylation / dephosphorylation. It is important to realize the phosphorylation / dephosphorylation differences between a normal and a failing heart. This review focuses on phosphorylation / dephosphorylation changes in the progression of HF and summarizes the effects of phosphorylation / dephosphorylation of LTCC, ER function, and myofilament function in normal conditions and HF based on previous experiments and clinical research. Also, we summarize current therapeutic methods based on abnormal phosphorylation / dephosphorylation and clarify potential therapeutic directions.
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Grants
ZR2023QH190/Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province