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Current microbiology
Apr 20, 2024;81 (6): 148.

Heavy Metals as Catalysts in the Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance and the Mechanisms Underpinning Co-selection.

Chandra Kant Singh, Kushneet Kaur Sodhi, Pallee Shree, V Nitin
Author Information
  1. Chandra Kant Singh: Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India. singh007ck@gmail.com. ORCID
  2. Kushneet Kaur Sodhi: Department of Zoology, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India. kushneetsodhi936@gmail.com.
  3. Pallee Shree: Department of Zoology, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110001, India.
  4. V Nitin: Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110075, India.
PMID: 38642082 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03648-2

Abstract

The menace caused by antibiotic resistance in bacteria is acknowledged on a global scale. Concerns over the same are increasing because of the selection pressure exerted by a huge number of different antimicrobial agents, including heavy metals. heavy metals are non-metabolizable and recalcitrant to degradation, therefore the bacteria can expel the pollutants out of the system and make it less harmful via different mechanisms. The selection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria may be influenced by heavy metals present in environmental reservoirs. Through co-resistance and cross-resistance processes, the presence of heavy metals in the environment can act as co-selecting agents, hence increasing resistance to both heavy metals and antibiotics. The horizontal gene transfer or mutation assists in the selection of mutant bacteria resistant to the polluted environment. Hence, bioremediation and biodegradation are sustainable methods for the natural clean-up of pollutants. This review sheds light on the occurrence of metal and antibiotic resistance in the environment via the co-resistance and cross-resistance mechanisms underpinning co-selection emphasizing the dearth of studies that specifically examine the method of co-selection in clinical settings. Furthermore, it is advised that future research incorporate both culture- and molecular-based methodologies to further our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying bacterial co- and cross-resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals.

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MeSH Term

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Metals, Heavy
Bacteria
Environmental Pollutants

Chemicals

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Metals, Heavy
Environmental Pollutants
Journal Article Review

Word Cloud

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