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Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS
May 10, 2024;81 (1): 213.

Deciphering the function of the fifth class of Gα proteins: regulation of ionic homeostasis as unifying hypothesis.

Asmaa Abu Obaid, Ivan Ivandic, Sigrun I Korsching
Author Information
  1. Asmaa Abu Obaid: Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University at Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47A, 50674, Cologne, Germany.
  2. Ivan Ivandic: Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University at Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47A, 50674, Cologne, Germany.
  3. Sigrun I Korsching: Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University at Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47A, 50674, Cologne, Germany. sigrun.korsching@uni-koeln.de. ORCID
PMID: 38727814 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05228-w

Abstract

Trimeric G proteins transduce signals from a superfamily of receptors and each G protein controls a wide range of cellular and systemic functions. Their highly conserved alpha subunits fall in five classes, four of which have been well investigated (Gs, Gi, G12, Gq). In contrast, the function of the fifth class, Gv is completely unknown, despite its broad occurrence and evolutionary ancient origin (older than metazoans). Here we show a dynamic presence of Gv mRNA in several organs during early development of zebrafish, including the hatching gland, the pronephros and several cartilage anlagen, employing in situ hybridisation. Next, we generated a Gv frameshift mutation in zebrafish and observed distinct phenotypes such as reduced oviposition, premature hatching and craniofacial abnormalities in bone and cartilage of larval zebrafish. These phenotypes could suggest a disturbance in ionic homeostasis as a common denominator. Indeed, we find reduced levels of calcium, magnesium and potassium in the larvae and changes in expression levels of the sodium potassium pump atp1a1a.5 and the sodium/calcium exchanger ncx1b in larvae and in the adult kidney, a major osmoregulatory organ. Additionally, expression of sodium chloride cotransporter slc12a3 and the anion exchanger slc26a4 is altered in complementary ways in adult kidney. It appears that Gv may modulate ionic homeostasis in zebrafish during development and in adults. Our results constitute the first insight into the function of the fifth class of G alpha proteins.

Keywords

G protein-coupled receptor Gnav Oogenesis Osmoregulation Signal transduction

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MeSH Term

Animals
Zebrafish
Homeostasis
Zebrafish Proteins
GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits
Larva
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase
Calcium
Kidney
Magnesium

Chemicals

Zebrafish Proteins
GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits
Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase
Calcium
Magnesium
Journal Article

Word Cloud

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