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Nutrients
May 28, 2024;16 (11):

Prenatal Exposures, Diagnostic Outcomes, and Life Experiences of Children and Youths with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder.

Svetlana Popova, Danijela Dozet, Mary-Rose Faulkner, Lesley Howie, Valerie Temple
Author Information
  1. Svetlana Popova: Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada. ORCID
  2. Danijela Dozet: Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada.
  3. Mary-Rose Faulkner: Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada.
  4. Lesley Howie: North Island Hospital Comox Valley, 101 Lerwick Rd, Courtenay, BC V9N 0B9, Canada.
  5. Valerie Temple: Surrey Place, 2 Surrey Place, Toronto, ON M5S 2C2, Canada.
PMID: 38892588 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111655

Abstract

Children and youths diagnosed with FASD may experience a range of adverse health and social outcomes. This cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics and outcomes of children and youths diagnosed with FASD between 2015 and 2018 at the Sunny Hill Centre in British Columbia, Canada and examined the relationships between prenatal substance exposures, FASD diagnostic categories, and adverse health and social outcomes. Patient chart data were obtained for 1187 children and youths diagnosed with FASD and analyzed. The patients (mean age: 9.7 years; range: 2-19) had up to 6 physical and 11 mental health disorders. Prenatal exposure to other substances (in addition to alcohol) significantly increased the severity of FASD diagnosis (OR: 1.18): the odds of FASD with sentinel facial features (SFF) were 41% higher with prenatal cigarette/nicotine/tobacco exposure; 75% higher with exposure to cocaine/crack; and two times higher with exposure to opioids. Maternal mental health issues and poor nutrition also increase the severity of FASD diagnosis (60% and 6%, respectively). Prenatal exposure to other substances in addition to alcohol significantly predicts involvement in the child welfare system (OR: 1.52) and current substance use when adjusted for age (aOR: 1.51). Diagnosis of FASD with SFF is associated with an increased number of physical (R = 0.071, F (3,1183) = 30.51, = 0.000) and mental health comorbidities (R = 0.023, F (3,1185) = 9.51, = 0.000) as compared to FASD without SFF adjusted for age and the number of prenatal substances. Screening of pregnant women for alcohol and other substance use, mental health status, and nutrition is extremely important.

Keywords

diagnosis fetal alcohol spectrum disorder fetal alcohol syndrome morbidity prenatal alcohol exposure prenatal drug exposure

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Grants

  1. 1718-HQ-000774/Public Health Agency of Canada

MeSH Term

Humans
Female
Pregnancy
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Child
Male
Adolescent
Cross-Sectional Studies
Child, Preschool
Young Adult
British Columbia
Substance-Related Disorders
Mental Disorders
Journal Article

Word Cloud

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