Efficacy and safety analysis of anlotinib in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors for second-line and subsequent extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.

Xixi Ying, Zheng Shi, Rongjun Shao, Guangxian You, Zhengbo Song
Author Information
  1. Xixi Ying: Graduate School of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
  2. Zheng Shi: Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
  3. Rongjun Shao: Graduate School of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
  4. Guangxian You: Department of Radiology and Oncology, Taizhou Cancer Hospital, Taizhou, China.
  5. Zhengbo Song: Graduate School of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Abstract

Currently, there is a lack of effective second-line and subsequent treatments for patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), and the establishment of a standardized treatment protocol is still underway. Considering the potential synergistic therapeutic effects of anti-angiogenic drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), combination therapy could be a viable option for treating lung cancer. This research concentrates on assessing the efficacy and safety of anlotinib in combination with ICIs for the treatment of ES-SCLC. We undertook a retrospective analysis of patients with extensive-stage SCLC who received anlotinib in combination with ICIs as second-line and subsequent treatment at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between April 2020 and April 2023. Survival rates were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Among the 43 patients who received combination therapy, there were no cases of complete response (CR), 16 patients who achieved partial response (PR), 21 patients who had stable disease (SD), and 6 patients who experienced disease progression (PD). This resulted in an overall response rate (ORR) of 37.2% (16/43) and a disease control rate (DCR) of 86.0% (34/43). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.0 months (95% CI: 2.74-5.26), and the median overall survival (OS) time was 10 months (95% CI: 4.8-15.2). Cox multifactorial regression analysis disclosed that the performance score (PS) and the number of metastatic organs were independent factors influencing PFS in ES-SCLC (p<0.001). The combination therapy demonstrated acceptable toxicity, with a total grade 3/4 toxicity rate of 30.2%. The combination therapy showed a notable association with several adverse events, including hand-foot syndrome, hypertension, and fatigue, which were the most significant. Combining anlotinib with immune checkpoint inhibitors has demonstrated favorable efficacy and safety in the treatment of second-line and subsequent extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.

MeSH Term

Humans
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Indoles
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Quinolines
Male
Female
Lung Neoplasms
Middle Aged
Retrospective Studies
Aged
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
Adult
Survival Rate
Progression-Free Survival
Neoplasm Staging
Aged, 80 and over

Chemicals

anlotinib
Indoles
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Quinolines

Word Cloud

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