Newly synthesized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with caffeine/moringa leaf extracts Halt Her2, BRCA1, and BRCA2 expressions.
Hanaa Mohammed, Mustafa M Karhib, Karrar Sabah Jaafar Al-Fahad, Atef Mohamed Atef, Areej Eskandrani, Amira Abd-Elfattah Darwish, Ahmed Abdallah Sary, Bassma H Elwakil, Basant A Bakr, Ahmed M Eldrieny
Author Information
Hanaa Mohammed: Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
Mustafa M Karhib: Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, College of Health and Medical Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Babylon, 51001, Iraq.
Karrar Sabah Jaafar Al-Fahad: Babylon Education Directorate, Ministry of Education, Hillah, Iraq.
Atef Mohamed Atef: Faculty of Medical Applied Science, Irbid National University, Irbid, Jordan.
Areej Eskandrani: College of Science, Taibah University, 30002, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Amira Abd-Elfattah Darwish: Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
Ahmed Abdallah Sary: Faculty of Physical Therapy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
Bassma H Elwakil: Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt. Bassma.hassan@pua.edu.eg.
Basant A Bakr: Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt.
Ahmed M Eldrieny: Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
Breast cancer is among the highest morbidity and mortality rates in women around the world. In the present investigation we aimed to synthesis novel nanosystem combining two naturally important anticancer agents with different mechanism of action namely Moringa oleifera and caffeine. Firstly, chemical analysis of Moringa oleifera extract and caffeine was done by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) in order to assess the main chemical compounds present and correlate between them and the possible anticancer effect. The novel nanosystem was characterized through dynamic light scattering techniques which revealed the stability and homogeneity of the prepared M. oleifera leaves extract/Caffeine loaded chitosan nanoparticles, while FTIR and transmission electron microscope (TEM) proved the shape and the successful incorporation of M. oleifera leaves extract/Caffeine onto the nanochitosan carrier. Our initial step was to assess the anticancer effect in vitro in cancer cell line MCF-7 which proved the significant enhanced effect of M. oleifera leaves extract/Caffeine nanosystem compared to M. oleifera leaves extract or caffeine loaded nanoparticles. Further studies were conducted in vivo namely tumor biomarkers, tumor volume, bioluminescence imaging, molecular and histopathological investigations. The present study proved the potent anticancer effect of the synthesized M. oleifera leaves extract/Caffeine loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Mo/Caf/CsNPs exhibited a large number of apoptotic cells within the tumor mass while the adipose tissue regeneration was higher compared to the positive control. The prepared nanoparticles downregulated the expression of Her2, BRCA1 and BRCA2 while mTOR expression was upregulated. The aforementioned data demonstrated the successful synergistic impact of Moringa and caffeine in decreasing the carcinoma grade.
