Evaluation of the accuracy of remote emission sensing measurements via real-world vehicle dynamic tests.
Qili Tian, Xinping Yang, Han Jiang, Xiaohu Wang, Jin Liu, Yingzhi Zhang, Yang Cao, Yu Kang, Mingliang Fu, Hefeng Zhang
Author Information
Qili Tian: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Vehicle Emission Control Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China.
Xinping Yang: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Vehicle Emission Control Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
Han Jiang: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Vehicle Emission Control Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
Yang Cao: Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230088, China.
Yu Kang: Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230088, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230088, China.
Mingliang Fu: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Vehicle Emission Control Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China. Electronic address: fumingliang160@163.com.
Hefeng Zhang: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Vehicle Emission Control Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China. Electronic address: zhanghf@vecc.org.cn.
To evaluate the measurement accuracy of horizontal and vertical remote emission sensing (RES) equipment, a real-world dynamic test was carried out in Chengdu by using electric vehicles equipped with various concentrations of standard gases. In addition, a new Image-based Spectral Processing Algorithm (ISPA) for vertical remote sensing spectral data was developed to improve the measurement capability. The results showed that the ISPA provided a greater percentage of valid data and lower relative errors; thus, our new algorithm could more effectively analyze the spectral data to measure vehicle emission levels. The percentages of valid horizontal and vertical RES data were 71% and 84%, respectively. The mean relative errors of CO, CO, HC and NO measured by the vertical RES were about 5%, 20%, 20% and 40%, respectively, and those of CO, CO and NO measured by the horizontal RES were 3%, 13% and 15%, respectively. For the common vehicle emission concentration, the percentage of valid data for the two RES types increased with increasing gas concentration. As the vehicle speed increased, the relative errors of the horizontal RES equipment showed an increasing trend for the same concentration of gas. Furthermore, for the same speed segment, the relative errors of the horizontal RES equipment increased as the simulated emission concentration decreased. The vertical RES equipment did not exhibit a consistent trend in terms of changes. This study provides a data quality reference for further RES applications.
