Yangyu Zhou: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Yemei Huang: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Chen Yang: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Weifang Medical College, Weifang, China.
Xuelei Zang: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Hengyu Deng: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Centre, Beijing, China.
Jing Liu: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, the First Medical Centre, Beijing, China.
Enqi Zhao: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Tingyue Tian: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Lei Pan: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Xinying Xue: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Generally, initially infects the respiratory tract, but can spread, eventually crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and causing meningitis or meningoencephalitis. Specifically, invades the vascular endothelial cells of the BBB, from which it enters the brain. The main mechanisms through which crosses the BBB are transcellular traversal, the paracellular pathway, and via Trojan horse. In this paper, the mechanisms by which crosses the BBB were explained in detail. In addition to pathways of entry to the brain, this paper presents a discussion on some rare cryptococcal infections and provides some insights for future research directions.
