OpenLB
Open Library of Bioscience
Advanced Search
Annals of medicine
Dec, 2024;56 (1): 2405072.

Delirium in the ICU: how much do we know? A narrative review.

Si Bo Liu, Hong Yu Wu, Mei Li Duan, Rong Li Yang, Chen Hua Ji, Jin Jie Liu, Hongtao Zhao
Author Information
  1. Si Bo Liu: Intensive Care Unit, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China. ORCID
  2. Hong Yu Wu: Intensive Care Unit, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
  3. Mei Li Duan: Intensive Care Unit, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
  4. Rong Li Yang: Intensive Care Unit, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
  5. Chen Hua Ji: General Medicine Ward, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
  6. Jin Jie Liu: General Medicine Ward, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
  7. Hongtao Zhao: General Medicine Ward, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
PMID: 39308447 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2405072

Abstract

Delirium in critical ill patients is a complex and common neurological syndrome in the intensive care unit (ICU) that is caused by a range of structural or functional abnormalities. ICU Delirium is associated with reduced compliance, prolonged hospital stays, greater use or delayed withdrawal of sedatives, higher rates and durations of mechanical ventilation, and higher rates of mortality. The aetiology and pathogenesis of ICU delirium are unclear, and the lack of better prediction, prevention, and treatment measures leads to a non-standardized control of delirium. By searching the relevant literature, we aim in this narrative review to describe progress in the pathogenesis, predictive biomarkers, diagnosis, and treatment of ICU delirium.

Keywords

Delirium biomarkers diagnosis intensive care unit treatment

References

  1. JAMA. 2018 Feb 20;319(7):680-690 [PMID: 29466591]
  2. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2017 Jun 30;264:10-12 [PMID: 28390292]
  3. Lancet Respir Med. 2017 Sep;5(9):727-737 [PMID: 28734823]
  4. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2023 Apr;75:103348 [PMID: 36470699]
  5. JAMA. 2003 Jun 11;289(22):2983-91 [PMID: 12799407]
  6. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Jul;139:111617 [PMID: 33915500]
  7. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2021 Feb;62:102919 [PMID: 32873426]
  8. Ann Intern Med. 1990 Dec 15;113(12):941-8 [PMID: 2240918]
  9. Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue. 2020 Jan;32(1):88-93 [PMID: 32148238]
  10. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1997 Mar;13(3):128-37 [PMID: 9114631]
  11. J Crit Care. 2016 Oct;35:145-9 [PMID: 27481750]
  12. Behav Brain Res. 2017 Mar 30;322(Pt B):269-279 [PMID: 27544872]
  13. J Neurosci. 2020 Jul 15;40(29):5681-5696 [PMID: 32513828]
  14. Australas J Ageing. 2017 Sep;36(3):186-192 [PMID: 28519903]
  15. Sleep Breath. 2019 Dec;23(4):1059-1070 [PMID: 31119597]
  16. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2022 Feb 1;23(2):e74-e110 [PMID: 35119438]
  17. Crit Care Med. 2013 Jan;41(1):263-306 [PMID: 23269131]
  18. Front Immunol. 2022 Sep 20;13:940779 [PMID: 36203605]
  19. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2023 Feb 20;13:20451253231152113 [PMID: 36845642]
  20. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2019 Nov;67(11):2387-2392 [PMID: 31503339]
  21. Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 15;11(1):1521 [PMID: 33452279]
  22. Intensive Care Med. 2022 Jul;48(7):811-840 [PMID: 35648198]
  23. JAMA. 2019 Jul 16;322(3):216-228 [PMID: 31310297]
  24. Acute Crit Care. 2022 Aug;37(3):415-428 [PMID: 35791660]
  25. Nat Rev Neurol. 2014 Nov;10(11):634-42 [PMID: 25266297]
  26. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:712742 [PMID: 24883321]
  27. BMC Geriatr. 2019 Dec 31;20(1):1 [PMID: 31892317]
  28. BMC Geriatr. 2019 Oct 16;19(1):272 [PMID: 31619178]
  29. N Engl J Med. 2022 Dec 29;387(26):2425-2435 [PMID: 36286254]
  30. Ger Med Sci. 2015 Nov 12;13:Doc19 [PMID: 26609286]
  31. Crit Care. 2022 Dec 6;26(1):377 [PMID: 36474266]
  32. Crit Care Med. 2017 Nov;45(11):e1111-e1122 [PMID: 28787293]
  33. Crit Care Med. 2010 Feb;38(2):419-27 [PMID: 19915454]
  34. Crit Care Med. 2018 Sep;46(9):e825-e873 [PMID: 30113379]
  35. JAMA. 2001 Dec 5;286(21):2703-10 [PMID: 11730446]
  36. Crit Care. 2012 Jul 03;16(4):R115 [PMID: 22759376]
  37. Intensive Care Med. 2001 May;27(5):859-64 [PMID: 11430542]
  38. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2018 Dec;37(6):525-527 [PMID: 30573208]
  39. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2008 Jul;63(7):764-72 [PMID: 18693233]
  40. BMC Anesthesiol. 2020 Nov 17;20(1):287 [PMID: 33203376]
  41. Crit Care Med. 2018 Dec;46(12):2029-2035 [PMID: 30234569]
  42. Lancet Respir Med. 2021 Mar;9(3):239-250 [PMID: 33428871]
  43. Minerva Anestesiol. 2023 Nov;89(11):1060-1061 [PMID: 37272275]
  44. Neurobiol Aging. 2017 Nov;59:64-71 [PMID: 28865298]
  45. Am J Med. 2018 Sep;131(9):1110-1117.e4 [PMID: 29729237]
  46. Crit Care. 2010;14(6):R210 [PMID: 21092264]
  47. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2019 May;67(5):1057-1065 [PMID: 30681720]
  48. Neurocrit Care. 2019 Feb;30(1):106-117 [PMID: 30027347]
  49. Stroke. 2022 Mar;53(3):930-938 [PMID: 34619987]
  50. Codas. 2013;25(2):191-2 [PMID: 24413388]
  51. Lancet Respir Med. 2018 Mar;6(3):e9-e10 [PMID: 29508709]
  52. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016 Jul;64(7):1456-63 [PMID: 27341529]
  53. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jun 18;6:CD005594 [PMID: 29920656]
  54. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016 Apr;64(4):705-14 [PMID: 27004732]
  55. Clin Interv Aging. 2017 Jul 14;12:1115-1121 [PMID: 28769556]
  56. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021 Feb;25(3):1582-1591 [PMID: 33629327]
  57. Lancet Oncol. 2020 Jul;21(7):989-998 [PMID: 32479786]
  58. Int J Nurs Stud. 2021 Jan;113:103782 [PMID: 33120134]
  59. Crit Care Resusc. 2014 Dec;16(4):269-73 [PMID: 25437220]
  60. Health Technol Assess. 2019 Aug;23(40):1-194 [PMID: 31397263]
  61. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Nov 23;11:CD009783 [PMID: 30484283]
  62. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2021 Oct;66:103072 [PMID: 34059415]
  63. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2017 Jul-Sep;29(3):337-345 [PMID: 29044304]
  64. Crit Care Med. 2018 Jun;46(6):e600-e608 [PMID: 29489460]
  65. Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Oct 22;12:570210 [PMID: 33192460]
  66. Aging (Albany NY). 2020 Jan 12;12(1):844-865 [PMID: 31929114]
  67. Intensive Care Med. 2022 Apr;48(4):414-425 [PMID: 35220473]
  68. Crit Care Med. 2018 Sep;46(9):1486-1491 [PMID: 29727363]
  69. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2018 Sep 10;18(1):92 [PMID: 30200896]
  70. Crit Care Med. 2014 Jun;42(6):1480-6 [PMID: 24589640]
  71. Crit Care Med. 2020 Mar;48(3):353-361 [PMID: 31770149]
  72. Psychosomatics. 1996 Nov-Dec;37(6):533-46 [PMID: 8942204]
  73. Intensive Care Med. 2021 Sep;47(9):943-960 [PMID: 34379152]
  74. J Nurs Res. 2020 Aug;28(4):e101 [PMID: 32692119]
  75. Am J Crit Care. 2020 Mar 1;29(2):e31-e38 [PMID: 32114612]
  76. N Engl J Med. 2021 Apr 15;384(15):1424-1436 [PMID: 33528922]
  77. Ann Intern Med. 2014 Apr 15;160(8):526-533 [PMID: 24733193]
  78. J Clin Nurs. 2018 Jan;27(1-2):407-415 [PMID: 28677160]
  79. Intensive Care Med. 2016 Jun;42(6):962-71 [PMID: 27075762]
  80. Curr Mol Pharmacol. 2021;14(2):132-137 [PMID: 32329703]
  81. J Crit Care. 2019 Apr;50:280-286 [PMID: 30665181]
  82. Trials. 2018 Mar 27;19(1):196 [PMID: 29580264]
  83. Gerontologist. 2015 Dec;55(6):1079-99 [PMID: 26543179]
  84. Lancet Respir Med. 2016 Mar;4(3):203-12 [PMID: 26832963]
  85. Am J Crit Care. 2021 Jul 1;30(4):312-319 [PMID: 34195769]
  86. Stroke. 2019 Dec;50(12):e344-e418 [PMID: 31662037]
  87. N Engl J Med. 2018 Dec 27;379(26):2506-2516 [PMID: 30346242]
  88. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2001 Spring;13(2):229-42 [PMID: 11449030]

MeSH Term

Delirium
Intensive Care Units
Nervous System Diseases
Biomarkers
Metabolic Diseases
Humans

Chemicals

Biomarkers
Journal Article Review
Article has an altmetric score of 2

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0DeliriumICUdeliriumtreatmentintensivecareunithigherratespathogenesisnarrativereviewbiomarkersdiagnosiscriticalillpatientscomplexcommonneurologicalsyndromecausedrangestructuralfunctionalabnormalitiesassociatedreducedcomplianceprolongedhospitalstaysgreaterusedelayedwithdrawalsedativesdurationsmechanicalventilationmortalityaetiologyunclearlackbetterpredictionpreventionmeasuresleadsnon-standardizedcontrolsearchingrelevantliteratureaimdescribeprogresspredictiveICU:muchknow?

Similar Articles

Cited By