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Current issues in molecular biology
Sep 02, 2024;46 (9): 9721-9759.

Agonists, Antagonists and Receptors of Somatostatin: Pathophysiological and Therapeutical Implications in Neoplasias.

Argyrios Periferakis, Georgios Tsigas, Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis, Carla Mihaela Tone, Daria Alexandra Hemes, Konstantinos Periferakis, Lamprini Troumpata, Ioana Anca Badarau, Cristian Scheau, Ana Caruntu, Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler, Constantin Caruntu, Andreea-Elena Scheau
Author Information
  1. Argyrios Periferakis: Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania. ORCID
  2. Georgios Tsigas: Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania. ORCID
  3. Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis: Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania. ORCID
  4. Carla Mihaela Tone: Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania. ORCID
  5. Daria Alexandra Hemes: Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania. ORCID
  6. Konstantinos Periferakis: Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece. ORCID
  7. Lamprini Troumpata: Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania. ORCID
  8. Ioana Anca Badarau: Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania. ORCID
  9. Cristian Scheau: Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania. ORCID
  10. Ana Caruntu: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The "Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania. ORCID
  11. Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler: Department of Internal Medicine, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
  12. Constantin Caruntu: Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania. ORCID
  13. Andreea-Elena Scheau: Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania. ORCID
PMID: 39329930 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46090578

Abstract

Somatostatin is a peptide that plays a variety of roles such as neurotransmitter and endocrine regulator; its actions as a cell regulator in various tissues of the human body are represented mainly by inhibitory effects, and it shows potent activity despite its physiological low concentrations. Somatostatin binds to specific receptors, called somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), which have different tissue distributions and associated signaling pathways. The expression of SSTRs can be altered in various conditions, including tumors; therefore, they can be used as biomarkers for cancer cell susceptibility to certain pharmacological agents and can provide prognostic information regarding disease evolution. Moreover, based on the affinity of somatostatin analogs for the different types of SSTRs, the therapeutic range includes conditions such as tumors, acromegaly, post-prandial hypotension, hyperinsulinism, and many more. On the other hand, a number of somatostatin antagonists may prove useful in certain medical settings, based on their differential affinity for SSTRs. The aim of this review is to present in detail the principal characteristics of all five SSTRs and to provide an overview of the associated therapeutic potential in neoplasias.

Keywords

analogs antagonists cancer lanreotide molecular effects octrotide pasireotide physiology receptors somatostatin

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