Pharmacological Potential and Electrochemical Characteristics of Pollen.
Janielle Mari S Abadilla, Bor-Yann Chen, Mike Anthony D Ganzon, Alvin R Caparanga, Kristopher Ray S Pamintuan, Lemmuel L Tayo, Chung-Chuan Hsueh, Cheng-Yang Hsieh, Ling-Ling Yang, Po-Wei Tsai
Author Information
Janielle Mari S Abadilla: School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines.
Bor-Yann Chen: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National I-Lan University, Yilan 260, Taiwan.
Mike Anthony D Ganzon: School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines. ORCID
Alvin R Caparanga: School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines.
Kristopher Ray S Pamintuan: School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines.
Lemmuel L Tayo: School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines.
Chung-Chuan Hsueh: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National I-Lan University, Yilan 260, Taiwan.
Cheng-Yang Hsieh: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National I-Lan University, Yilan 260, Taiwan. ORCID
Ling-Ling Yang: School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
Po-Wei Tsai: Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan. ORCID
L. (TA) pollen has been utilized as a traditional Chinese medicine for treating various internal and external traumas. Moreover, bioactive compounds possess diverse pharmacological activities. This study aims to evaluate the antiviral properties of TA based on its ability to generate bioenergy, capable of inhibiting viruses. TA pollens were extracted using water and ethanol solvents. These extracts were utilized to identify the phytochemical contents and correlate with the antioxidant activity via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. HPLC analysis was conducted to identify its electron-shuttling compositions. The bioenergy-generating characteristics were determined via microbial fuel cells. The water extract (TA-W) showed higher antioxidant activity due to a higher phenolic and flavonoid content compared to the ethanol extract (TA-E). Quercetin-3--(2-α-L-rhamnosyl)-rutinoside, quercetin-3--neohesperidoside, and quercetin are the electron shuttles (ES) identified out of the 11 compounds. TA obtained a 1.39 ± 0.10 amplification factor of power generation that indicates potential bioenergy-generating and associated antiviral characteristic properties. The findings may provide a foundation for developing antiviral medications specifically designed to target virus-related diseases, while minimizing the risk of drug toxicity and reducing the costs of drug development.
