Personality functioning in bipolar 1 disorder and borderline personality disorder.
Karin Feichtinger, Clarissa Laczkovics, Johanna Alexopoulos, Maria Gruber, Miriam Klauser, Karoline Parth, Antonia Wininger, Michael Ossege, Josef Baumgartner, Stephan Doering, Victor Blüml
Author Information
Karin Feichtinger: Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Clarissa Laczkovics: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Johanna Alexopoulos: Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Maria Gruber: Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Miriam Klauser: Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Karoline Parth: Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Antonia Wininger: Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Michael Ossege: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Josef Baumgartner: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Stephan Doering: Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Victor Blüml: Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. victor.blueml@meduniwien.ac.at.
BACKGROUND: Differentiation of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar I disorder (BD) has been challenging. The assessment of shared symptoms in the context of the overall personality functioning, the patient's sense of self, and the quality of his object (interpersonal) relations is proposed to be valuable for the differential diagnosis of these disorders. METHODS: We empirically investigated the level of personality organization (PO), identity integration, and quality of object relations in patients suffering from BD or BPD using the Structured Interview of personality Organization (STIPO) and the Level of personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) in 34 BPD and 28 BDpatients as well as 27 healthy control persons. Group comparisons and a logistic regression model were calculated to analyze group differences. RESULTS: The BPD group showed significantly greater impairment in several domains of personality functioning, namely "identity", and "self- and other-directed aggression", while showing lower impairment in "moral values". The overall level of PO in the BPD group was significantly lower when excluding not only BPD but any personality disorder (PD) in the BD sample. Severity of impaired personality structure had a major impact on symptom load independent of the main diagnosis BD or BPD. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show greater impairment in personality functioning in BPD than in BDpatients. BDpatients present with varying levels of PO, whereas in BPD severe deficits in PO are pathognomonic. The level of PO has a significant impact on symptom severity in both BD and BPDpatients. Therefore, careful assessment of PO should be considered for differential diagnosis and adequate treatment planning.
