Electron-Beam-Killed Vaccine Reduced Lameness in Broiler Chickens.
Anna L F V Assumpcao, Komala Arsi, Andi Asnayanti, Khawla S Alharbi, Anh D T Do, Quentin D Read, Ruvindu Perera, Abdulkarim Shwani, Amer Hasan, Suresh D Pillai, Robin C Anderson, Annie M Donoghue, Douglas D Rhoads, Palmy R R Jesudhasan, Adnan A K Alrubaye
Author Information
Anna L F V Assumpcao: Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. ORCID
Komala Arsi: Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
Andi Asnayanti: Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. ORCID
Khawla S Alharbi: Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. ORCID
Anh D T Do: Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. ORCID
Quentin D Read: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Southeast Area, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
Ruvindu Perera: Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
Abdulkarim Shwani: Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Athens, GA 30605, USA. ORCID
Amer Hasan: Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA.
Suresh D Pillai: National Center for Electron Beam Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Robin C Anderson: Food and Feed Safety Research, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), College Station, TX 77843, USA. ORCID
Annie M Donoghue: Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. ORCID
Douglas D Rhoads: Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA. ORCID
Palmy R R Jesudhasan: Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. ORCID
Adnan A K Alrubaye: Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. ORCID
Broiler chickenlameness caused by bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) is presently amongst the most important economic and animal welfare issues faced by the poultry industry, and the estimated economic loss is around USD 150 million. BCOlameness is associated with multiple opportunistic bacterial pathogens inhabiting the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. In cases of immune deficiency resulting from stress, injury, or inflammation of the tissue, opportunistic pathogens, mainly spp., can infiltrate the respiratory or gastrointestinal mucosa and migrate through the bloodstream to eventually colonize the growth plates of long bones, causing necrosis that leads to lameness. This is the first report of developing a vaccine against BCOlameness disease in broiler chickens. Electron beam (eBeam) technology causes irreparable DNA damage, preventing bacterial multiplication, while keeping the epitopes of the cell membrane intact, helping the immune system generate a more effective response. Our results show a 50% reduction of lameness incidence in the eBeam-vaccinated chicken group compared to the control. Additionally, the eBeam-vaccinated chickens present higher titer of anti- IgA, signifying the development of an efficient and more specific humoral immune response. Our data establish the eBeam-killed vaccine as an effective approach to reducing the incidence of lameness in broiler chickens.
