Mariola Marchlewicz: Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-010 Police, Poland.
Paulina Sagan: Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-010 Police, Poland.
Marta Grabowska: Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland. ORCID
Magdalena Kiedrowicz: Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-010 Police, Poland.
Joanna Kruk: Faculty of Physical Culture and Health, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland.
Kamil Gill: Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland. ORCID
Małgorzata Piasecka: Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland. ORCID
Ewa Duchnik: Department of Aesthetic Dermatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with complex pathogenesis and variable severity. Performed studies have indicated the impact of vitamin D3 deficiency on the pathogenesis of psoriasis and its severity. However, there is no clear evidence of the influence of the mucosal microbiome on the onset and progression of psoriasis. This review aims to present the current evidence on the role of vitamin D3 and colonization of the oral mucosa by yeast-like fungi in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. is a common yeast that can colonize the skin and mucosal surfaces, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems or compromised skin barriers. In psoriasis, the skin's barrier function is disrupted, potentially making patients more susceptible to fungal infections such as . Since patients with psoriasis are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome, they may experience the vicious circle effect in which chronic inflammation leads to obesity. Vitamin D3 deficiency is also associated with microbiological imbalance, which may promote excessive growth of fungi. Under normal conditions, the intestinal and oral microflora support the immune system. Vitamin D3 deficiency, however, leads to disruption of this balance, which allows to overgrow and develop infections.
