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International journal of mental health nursing
Feb, 2025;34 (1): e13496.

Burnout Among Primary Healthcare Nurses: A Study of Association With Depression, Anxiety and Self-Efficacy.

Rasha Mohammed Hussien, Talal Ali F Alharbi, Ibrahim Alasqah, Nada Alqarawi, Andrew Dumale Ngo, Azza Elsayed Abd Elfatah Arafat, Meead Abdulaziz Alsohibani, Mohamed Ali Zoromba
Author Information
  1. Rasha Mohammed Hussien: Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health, and Community Health, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. ORCID
  2. Talal Ali F Alharbi: Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health, and Community Health, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
  3. Ibrahim Alasqah: Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health, and Community Health, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. ORCID
  4. Nada Alqarawi: Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health, and Community Health, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. ORCID
  5. Andrew Dumale Ngo: Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health, and Community Health, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
  6. Azza Elsayed Abd Elfatah Arafat: Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health, and Community Health, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
  7. Meead Abdulaziz Alsohibani: Department of Medical Surgical, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
  8. Mohamed Ali Zoromba: College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. ORCID
PMID: 39710810 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13496

Abstract

Burnout is a significant issue among healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, due to high workloads and emotional demands. However, limited research has explored burnout among primary healthcare nurses in Saudi Arabia, who play a vital role in healthcare delivery. This study aims to address this gap by investigating burnout levels and their association with anxiety, depression and self-efficacy among primary healthcare nurses. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, with 161 primary healthcare nurses from the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Pearson correlation and logistic regression were used to analyse the associations between study variables. A high prevalence of burnout risk (78.9%) was observed. Emotional exhaustion was detected in 35.4%, depersonalisation in 44.7% and low personal accomplishment in 57.8%. Anxiety (r = 0.707, p < 0.01) and depression (r = 0.564, p < 0.01) were positively correlated with emotional exhaustion, while self-efficacy was negatively correlated (r = -0.260, p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that anxiety (OR = 5.784, 95% CI: 2.056-16.269) and low self-efficacy (OR = 6.625, 95% CI: 2.979-14.737) were significant predictors of burnout. Targeted interventions are essential to mitigate burnout among primary healthcare nurses. Specific measures could include mindfulness-based stress reduction programmes to address emotional exhaustion, peer support sessions to reduce depersonalisation and skill-building workshops to enhance self-efficacy. These interventions can improve nurse well-being and ensure sustainable healthcare delivery in primary care settings.

Keywords

anxiety burnout depression nurses primary healthcare self‐efficacy

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MeSH Term

Humans
Burnout, Professional
Female
Adult
Male
Cross-Sectional Studies
Self Efficacy
Depression
Anxiety
Saudi Arabia
Middle Aged
Surveys and Questionnaires
Primary Care Nursing
Young Adult
Primary Health Care
Journal Article
Article has an altmetric score of 6

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