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International journal of nanomedicine
2025;20 25-52.

Advancing Therapeutic Strategies with Polymeric Drug Conjugates for Nucleic Acid Delivery and Treatment.

Aftab Ullah, Marina Khan, Yibang Zhang, Muhammad Shafiq, Mohsan Ullah, Azar Abbas, Xu Xianxiang, Gang Chen, Yong Diao
Author Information
  1. Aftab Ullah: School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. ORCID
  2. Marina Khan: Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan.
  3. Yibang Zhang: School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. ORCID
  4. Muhammad Shafiq: Research Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. ORCID
  5. Mohsan Ullah: School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
  6. Azar Abbas: Institute of Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. ORCID
  7. Xu Xianxiang: School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
  8. Gang Chen: School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
  9. Yong Diao: School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China. ORCID
PMID: 39802382 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S429279

Abstract

The effective clinical translation of messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), and microRNA (miRNA) for therapeutic purposes hinges on the development of efficient delivery systems. Key challenges include their susceptibility to degradation, limited cellular uptake, and inefficient intracellular release. Polymeric drug conjugates (PDCs) offer a promising solution, combining the benefits of polymeric carriers and therapeutic agents for targeted delivery and treatment. This comprehensive review explores the clinical translation of nucleic acid therapeutics, focusing on polymeric drug conjugates. It investigates how these conjugates address delivery obstacles, enhance systemic circulation, reduce immunogenicity, and provide controlled release, improving safety profiles. The review delves into the conjugation strategies, preparation methods, and various classes of PDCs, as well as strategic design, highlighting their role in nucleic acid delivery. Applications of PDCs in treating diseases such as cancer, immune disorders, and fibrosis are also discussed. Despite significant advancements, challenges in clinical adoption persist. The review concludes with insights into future directions for this transformative technology, underscoring the potential of PDCs to advance nucleic acid-based therapies and combat infectious diseases significantly.

Keywords

nucleic acid polymer drug conjugates polymeric therapeutics

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MeSH Term

Humans
Polymers
RNA, Small Interfering
Nucleic Acids
Animals
Drug Delivery Systems
Drug Carriers
Neoplasms
MicroRNAs

Chemicals

Polymers
RNA, Small Interfering
Nucleic Acids
Drug Carriers
MicroRNAs
Journal Article Review

Word Cloud

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