Justyna Tokarewicz, Barbara Jankowiak, Krystyna Klimaszewska, Michał Święczkowski, Krzysztof Matlak, Sławomir Dobrzycki
Cardiovascular diseases, particularly myocardial infarction (MI), significantly impact patients' lives, causing stress and prompting varied responses to illness. We conducted a narrative review concerning the acceptance of illness and quality of life in post-MI patients. Based on an extensive search of the available literature, this review consolidates current evidence on the proposed topic. While some patients struggle with acceptance and face emotional distress, others who accept their condition are more likely to engage in treatment and lifestyle changes, leading to an improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Following an MI, patients often experience depression, anxiety, and stress, complicating their acceptance of the illness. Risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, and smoking, play a significant role in influencing HRQoL in post-MI patients. An accurate assessment of HRQoL is crucial for tailoring effective treatments and support strategies to enhance patient outcomes and identify those most at risk of developing post-MI depression or anxiety. Effective physician-patient and nurse-patient communication and support from family might be helpful in recovery. Cardiac rehabilitation improves patients' outcomes and HRQoL. This review underscores the importance of integrating psychological support with optimal medical care to improve patient prognosis and enhance the HRQoL of individuals recovering from MI. The healthcare system could implement routine psychological assessments for MI patients at admission and discharge to establish a baseline for follow-up. Future research should explore effective psychological interventions, the interplay of CVD risk factors and psychosocial aspects, the emerging role of artificial intelligence in personalized care, and the cost-effectiveness of integrated treatment models.
