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Frontiers in oncology
2025;15 1512616.

Preclinical research models for endometrial cancer: development and selection of animal models.

Yang Xue, Wei Shi, Bing Lun, Meilin Kan, Mengling Jia, Yuelin Wu, Li Yang
Author Information
  1. Yang Xue: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
  2. Wei Shi: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
  3. Bing Lun: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
  4. Meilin Kan: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
  5. Mengling Jia: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
  6. Yuelin Wu: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
  7. Li Yang: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
PMID: 39975595 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1512616

Abstract

endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological malignancy in developed countries, with rising incidence in recent years. Experimental animal models are crucial for studying the pathogenesis, advancing diagnostic methods, and developing new treatments. We review five main EC animal models. The use of spontaneous and chemically-induced models has decreased, with transgenic mouse and xenograft models becoming the most widely used. These models better simulate tumor molecular mechanisms and treatments, with the organoid-based patient-derived xenograft model (O-PDX) showing great promise in drug screening and personalized therapy. The application of humanized models remains limited due to technical challenges and high costs. In this review, we highlight the strengths and limitations of each model to guide researchers in their selection.

Keywords

animal model endometrial cancer humanized model organoid patient-derived xenograft model preclinical research

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