Mahnaz Pejman Sani: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shahrzad Mohseni: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hilda Samimi: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shirzad Nasiri: Department of Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Babak Fallahi: Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammadreza Mohajeri-Tehrani: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Seyed Mohammad Tavangar: Department of Pathology, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mahmood Naderi: Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nooshin Shirzad: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Bagher Larijani: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sayed Mahmoud Sajjadi-Jazi: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Gholamreza Roshandel: Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Vahid Haghpanah: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ORCID
Objectives: Thyroid cancer (TC) is commonly recognized as the most prevalent type of malignancy affecting the endocrine system. This study aimed to assess the incidence of TC and its trends in the Iranian population. Methods: The incidence rate of TC in Iran was determined using data from the Iranian National Population-based Cancer Registry (INPCR). The INPCR registered all new cancer cases through various diagnostic methods, including pathology reports, clinical and paraclinical data, and death registry reports. Results: From 2014 to 2018, a total of 27,530 cases of TC were recorded. Among these cases, 21,932 (79.7%) were female, and 5,598 (20.3%) were male. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of TC was 6.17 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.09-6.25) per 100,000 person-years, showing an upward trend from 4.61 (95% CI: 4.45-4.77) per 100,000 population in 2014 to 8.17 (95% CI: 7.97-8.37) in 2018. The ASR of TC in women was nearly 3.7 times higher than that in men (9.79 vs. 2.59 per 100,000 person-years). The ASR of TC was highest in younger age groups among women (40-50 years) compared to men, who had higher rates in older age groups (65-75 years). Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), including its follicular variant, was the predominant histological type of TC in the Iranian population, accounting for 82.19% ( = 22,627) of cases, followed by follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) ( = 859; 3.12%). Conclusions: Our data suggest that thyroid cancer rate has increased in Iran though comprehending the underlying reasons for this phenomenon requires further research.
