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BMC complementary medicine and therapies
Feb 22, 2025;25 (1): 71.

Does supplementation with pine bark extract improve cardiometabolic risk factors? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Shooka Mohammadi, Tamas Fulop, Abdelouahed Khalil, Sara Ebrahimi, Motahareh Hasani, Somayeh Ziaei, Farnaz Farsi, Elham Mirtaheri, Mostafa Afsharianfar, Javad Heshmati
Author Information
  1. Shooka Mohammadi: Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, 6135715794, Iran. shooka.mohammadi@gmail.com.
  2. Tamas Fulop: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
  3. Abdelouahed Khalil: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
  4. Sara Ebrahimi: The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
  5. Motahareh Hasani: Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
  6. Somayeh Ziaei: Department of Anesthesia, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
  7. Farnaz Farsi: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  8. Elham Mirtaheri: Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
  9. Mostafa Afsharianfar: Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
  10. Javad Heshmati: Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6715847141, Iran. javad.heshmati@gmail.com.
PMID: 39987124 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-025-04819-9

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Supplementation with pine bark extract (PBE) may improve risk factors associated with cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). The effects of PBE supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors were evaluated in this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
METHODS: A comprehensive search of various databases was performed to identify relevant RCTs published up to September 2024. A random-effects model was employed for the meta-analysis, which included 27 RCTs with 1,685 participants.
RESULTS: The findings indicated that PBE supplementation significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) (weighted mean difference (WMD): -2.26 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (CI): -3.73, -0.79; P = 0.003), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD: -2.62 mmHg, 95% CI: -3.71, -1.53; P < 0.001), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (WMD: -6.25 mg/dL, 95% CI: -9.97, -2.53; P = 0.001), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD: -0.32%, 95% CI: -0.54, -0.11; P = 0.003), body weight (WMD: -1.37 kg, 95% CI: -1.86, -0.88; P < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (WMD: -5.07 mg/dL, 95% CI: -9.21, -0.94; P = 0.016) in the PBE-treated group compared to their untreated counterparts. However, no significant impact of PBE was observed on waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), or serum levels of insulin, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC).
CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation with PBE may ameliorate specific cardiometabolic risk factors, as indicated by reductions in body weight, DBP, SBP, FBS, LDL, and HbA1c levels. This approach can be regarded as an adjunct therapeutic strategy for CMS management. Further high-quality trials with larger sample sizes and longer durations are required to validate these findings.

Keywords

Cardiometabolic syndrome Flavangenol Glycemic parameters Lipid profile Oligopin Pycnogenol

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MeSH Term

Humans
Plant Extracts
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
Plant Bark
Pinus
Dietary Supplements
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Blood Pressure
Metabolic Syndrome

Chemicals

Plant Extracts
Journal Article Systematic Review Meta-Analysis

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