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Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
Mar 05, 2025;11 (3):

Decoding Pecan's Fungal Foe: A Genomic Insight into Isolate W-6.

Ke Deng, Ying Zhang, Saibin Lv, Chulong Zhang, Lihong Xiao
Author Information
  1. Ke Deng: College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China. ORCID
  2. Ying Zhang: College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
  3. Saibin Lv: College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
  4. Chulong Zhang: Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Biology and Ecological Regulation of Crop Pathogens and Insects, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. ORCID
  5. Lihong Xiao: College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
PMID: 40137241 DOI: 10.3390/jof11030203

Abstract

Pecan () is a world-renowned nut crop that is highly favored by consumers for its high content of healthy nutrients. For a long time, anthracnose has severely threatened the yield and quality of pecan, causing significant economic losses to the global pecan industry. Here, we report the 54.57-Mb gapless chromosome-level assembly of the pathogenic ascomycetes isolate W-6 from pecan plantations in Southeast China. Six of 12 chromosomes contain, at least, telomeric repeats (CCCTAA)n or (TTAGGG)n at one end. A total of 14,343 protein-coding genes were predicted. Pathogenicity- and virulence-related annotations revealed 137 to 4558 genes associated with the TCDB, PHI, Cyt_P450, DFVF, effector, and secretome databases, respectively. A comparative analysis of isolate W-6, together with 51 other strains, reveled 13 genes unique to the complex to which isolate W-6 belongs, highlighting the major facilitator superfamily transporters. The detailed analyses of MFS transporters associated with secondary metabolite gene clusters in isolate W-6 led to the identification and protein structure analyses of two key virulence factor candidates in DHA1 subclass, prlG and azaK, which were reported as efflux transporters of antibiotics in other pathogenic fungi. The assembly and further functional investigation of two pathogenic genes identified here potentially provide important resources for better understanding the biology and lifestyle of and pave the way for designing more efficient strategies to control anthracnose in pecan plantations.

Keywords

Carya anthracnose fungal pathogen pathogenicity virulence

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Grants

  1. Z20C160001/Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province
  2. 2018YFD1000604/National Key R&D Program of China
  3. ZY20180202/State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture at Zhejiang A&F University
  4. 2018FR002/Research and Development Fund of Zhejiang A&F University
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