NEAT1 2
NEAT1_2, Nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1_2, essential for the structure of paraspeckles. [1]
Contents
Annotation
Name
NEAT1_2, Nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1_2
Aliases
Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1; long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 84; TncRNA: trophoblast derived non-protein coding RNA; MENepsilon/beta; LINC00084: long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 84; VINC: virus inducible non-coding RNA (HGNC:30815)
Previous symbol
NCRNA00084 (HGNC:30815)
Previous name
non-protein coding RNA 84 (HGNC:30815)
Characteristics
NEAT1 RNA, a highly abundant 4 kb ncRNA, Pol II transcribed, unspliced, polyadenylated, nuclear-restricted, noncoding transcript with a mouse homolog that shows two small regions of high conservation.It is often retained in nuclei in approximately 10 to 20 large foci that are completely coincident with paraspeckles, nuclear domains implicated in mRNA nuclear retention. [1]
Function
NEAT1 is an “architectural” RNA that is necessary for the formation of a specific nuclear structure: paraspeckles. It functions as an essential structural determinant of paraspeckles, providing a precedent for a ncRNA as the foundation of a nuclear domain. It also controls sequestration of the paraspeckle proteins PSP1 and p54, factors linked to A-I editing. The PSP-1 RNA binding domain is required for its colocalization with NEAT1 RNA in paraspeckles, and biochemical analyses support that NEAT1 RNA binds with paraspeckle proteins. [1]
In Frontotemporal dementia and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis the lncRNAs NEAT1_2 and MALAT1 co-localize at nuclear paraspeckles with TDP-43 and FUS proteins and their binding to TDP-43 is markedly increased in affected brains.[2] In Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), NEAT1_2 lncRNA may act as a scaffold of RNAs and RNA binding proteins in the nuclei of ALS motor neurons, thereby modulating the functions of ALS-associated RNA-binding proteins during the early phase of ALS.[3]
NEAT1 suppressed constitutive I-Ak and CIITA expression in murine B-cells CH27. The mechanism involves inhibition of CIITA pIII activity but does not involve methylation of the promoter[4].
Expression
NEAT1 overexpression increases paraspeckle number, and paraspeckles emanate exclusively from the NEAT1 transcription site. Depletion of NEAT1 RNA via RNAi eradicates paraspeckles. [1]
| Experiment | Forward primer | Reverse primer |
|---|---|---|
| Quantitative PCR | 5'-GTGGCTGTTGGAGTCGGTAT- 3' | 5'-TAACAAACCACGGTCCATGA- 3'[1] |
Sequence
>gi|283131|ref|NR_028272.1| Homo sapiens nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1), transcript variant MENepsilon, long non-coding RNA
000081 ACAGGGAGAG ATGACTGAGT TAGATGAGAC GAGGGGGCGG GCTGGGGGTG CGAGAAGGAA GCTTGGCAAG GAGACTAGGT 000160
000161 CTAGGGGGAC CACAGTGGGG CAGGCTGCAT GGAAAATATC CGCAGGGTCC CCCAGGCAGA ACAGCCACGC TCCAGGCCAG 000240
000241 GCTGTCCCTA CTGCCTGGTG GAGGGGGAAC TTGACCTCTG GGAGGGCGCC GCTCTTGCAT AGCTGAGCGA GCCCGGGTGC 000320
000321 GCTGGTCTGT GTGGAAGGAG GAAGGCAGGG AGAGGTAGAA GGGGTGGAGG AGTCAGGAGG AATAGGCCGC AGCAGCCCTG 000400
000401 GAAATGATCA GGAAGGCAGG CAGTGGGTGC AGGGCTGCAG GAGGGCCGGG AGGGCTAATC TTCAACTTGT CCATGCCAGC 000480
000481 AGCCCCTTTT TTTCCAGACC AAGGGCTGTG AACCCGCCTG GGGATGAGGC CTGGTCTTGT GGAACTGAAC TTAGCTCGAC 000560
000561 GGGGCTGACC GCTCTGGCCC AGGGTGGTAT GTAATTTTCG CTCGGCCTGG GACGGGGCCC AGGCCGGGCC CAGCCTGGTG 000640
000641 GAGCGTCCAG GTCTGGGTGC GAAGCCAGGC CCCTGGGCGG AGGTGAGGGG TGGTCTGAGG AGTGATGTGG AGTTAAGGCG 000720
000721 CCATCCTCAC CGGTGACTGG TGCGGCACCT AGCATGTTTG ACAGGCGGGG ACTGCGAGGC ACGCTGCTCG GGTGTTGGGG 000800
000801 ACAACATTGA CCAACGCTTT ATTTTCCAGG TGGCAGTGCT CCTTTTGGAC TTTTCTCTAG GTTTGGCGCT AAACTCTTCT 000880
000881 TGTGAGCTCA CTCCACCCCT TCTTCCTCCC TTTAACTTAT CCATTCACTT AAAACATTAC CTGGTCATCT GGTAAGCCCG 000960
000961 GGACAGTAAG CCGAGTGGCT GTTGGAGTCG GTATTGTTGG TAATGGTGGA GGAAGAGAGG CCTTCCCGCT GAGGCTGGGG 001040
001041 TGGGGCGGAT CGGTGTTGCT TGCCTGCAGA GAGGGTGGGG AGTGAATGTG CACCCTTGGG TGGGCCTGCA GCCATCCAGC 001120
001121 TGAAAGTTAC AAAAATGCTT CATGGACCGT GGTTTGTTAC TATAGTGTTC CTCATGGCGA GCAGATGGAA CCGGGAGACA 001200
001201 TGGAGTCCCT GGCCAGTGTG AGTCCTAGCA TTGCAGGAGG GGAGACCCTG GAGGAGAGAG CCCGCCTCAA TTGATGCCTG 001280
001281 CAGATTGAAT TTCCAGAGGC TTAGGAGGAG GAAGTTCTCC AATGTTCTGT TTCCAGGCCT TGCTCAGGAA GCCCTGTATT 001360
001361 CAGGAGGCTA CCATTTAAAG TTTGCAGATG AGCTTATGGG GGGCAATCTT AAAAAGTCCA CAGCAGATGC ATCCGGCTCG 001440
001441 AGGGGCCATC AGCTTTGAAT AAATGCTTGT TCCAGAGCCC ATGAATGCCA GCAGGCACCC CTCCTTTCCT GGGGTAAAGG 001520
001521 TTTTCAGATG CTGCATCTTC TAAATTGAGC CTCCGGTCAT ACTAGTTTTG TGCTTGGAAC CTTGCTTCAA GAAGATCCCT 001600
001601 AAGCTGTAGA ACATTTTAAC GTTGATGCCA CAACGCAGAT TGATGCCTTG TAGATGGAGC TTGCAGATGG AGCCCCGTGA 001680
001681 CCTCTCACCT ACCCACCTGT TTGCCTGCCT TCTTGTGCGT TTCTCGGAGA AGTTCTTAGC CTGATGAAAT AACTTGGGGC 001760
001761 GTTGAAGAGC TGTTTAATTT TAAATGCCTT AGACTGGGGA TATATTAGAG GAAGCAGATT GTCAAATTAA GGGTGTCATT 001840
001841 GTGTTGTGCT AAACGCTGGG AGGGTACAAG TTGGTCATTC CTAAATCTGT GTGTGAGAAA TGGCAGGTCT AGTTTGGGCA 001920
001921 TTGTGATTGC ATTGCAGATT ACTAGGAGAA GGGAATGGTG GGTACACCGG TAGTGCTCTT TTGTTCTTGC TTCGTTTTTT 002000
002001 TAAACTTGAA CTTTACTTCG TTAGATTTCA TAATACTTTC TTGGCATTCT AGTAAGAGGA CCCTGAGGTG GGAGTTGTGG 002080
002081 GGGACGGGGA GAAGGGGACA GCTTGGCACC GGTCCCGTGG GCGTTGCAGT GTGGGGGATG GGGGTATGCA GCTTGGCACT 002160
002161 GGTACTGGGA GGGATGAGGG TGAAGAAGGG GAGAGGGTTG GTTAGAGATA CAGTGTGGGT GGTGGGGGTG GTAGGAAATG 002240
002241 CAGGTTGAAG GGAATTCTCT GGGGCTTTGG GGAATTTAGT GCGTGGGTGA GCCAAGAAAA TACTAATTAA TAATAGTAAG 002320
002321 TTGTTAGTGT TGGTTAAGTT GTTGCTTGGA AGTGAGAAGT TGCTTAGAAA CTTTCCAAAG TGCTTAGAAC TTTAAGTGCA 002400
002401 AACAGACAAA CTAACAAACA AAAATTGTTT TGCTTTGCTA CAAGGTGGGG AAGACTGAAG AAGTGTTAAC TGAAAACAGG 002480
002481 TGACACAGAG TCACCAGTTT TCCGAGAACC AAAGGGAGGG GTGTGTGATG CCATCTCACA GGCAGGGGAA ATGTCTTTAC 002560
002561 CAGCTTCCTC CTGGTGGCCA AGACAGCCTG TTTCAGAGGG TTGTTTTGTT TGGGGTGTGG GTGTTATCAA GTGAATTAGT 002640
002641 CACTTGAAAG ATGGGCGTCA GACTTGCATA CGCAGCAGAT CAGCATCCTT CGCTGCCCCT TAGCAACTTA GGTGGTTGAT 002720
002721 TTGAAACTGT GAAGGTGTGA TTTTTTCAGG AGCTGGAAGT CTTAGAAAAG CCTTGTAAAT GCCTATATTG TGGGCTTTTA 002800
002801 ACGTATTTAA GGGACCACTT AAGACGAGAT TAGATGGGCT CTTCTGGATT TGTTCCTCAT TTGTCACAGG TGTCTTGTGA 002880
002881 TTGAAAATCA TGAGCGAAGT GAAATTGCAT TGAATTTCAA GGGAATTTAG TATGTAAATC GTGCCTTAGA AACACATCTG 002960
002961 TTGTCTTTTC TGTGTTTGGT CGATATTAAT AATGGCAAAA TTTTTGCCTA TCTAGTATCT TCAAATTGTA GTCTTTGTAA 003040
003041 CAACCAAATA ACCTTTTGTG GTCACTGTAA AATTAATATT TGGTAGACAG AATCCATGTA CCTTTGCTAA GGTTAGAATG 003120
003121 AATAATTTAT TGTATTTTTA ATTTGAATGT TTGTGCTTTT TAAATGAGCC AAGACTAGAG GGGAAACTAT CACCTAAAAT 003200
003201 CAGTTTGGAA AACAAGACCT AAAAAGGGAA GGGGATGGGG ATTGTGGGGA GAGAGTGGGC GAGGTGCCTT TACTACATGT 003280
003281 GTGATCTGAA AACCCTGCTT GGTTCTGAGC TGCGTCTATT GAATTGGTAA AGTAATACCA ATGGCTTTTT ATCATTTCCT 003360
003361 TCTTCCCTTT AAGTTTCACT TGAAATTTTA AAAATCATGG TTATTTTTAT CGTTGGGATC TTTCTGTCTT CTGGGTTCCA 003440
003441 TTTTTTAAAT GTTTAAAAAT ATGTTGACAT GGTAGTTCAG TTCTTAACCA ATGACTTGGG GATGATGCAA ACAATTACTG 003520
003521 TCGTTGGGAT TTAGAGTGTA TTAGTCACGC ATGTATGGGG AAGTAGTCTC GGGTATGCTG TTGTGAAATT GAAACTGTAA 003600
003601 AAGTAGATGG TTGAAAGTAC TGGTATGTTG CTCTGTATGG TAAGAACTAA TTCTGTTACG TCATGTACAT AATTACTAAT 003680
003681 CACTTTTCTT CCCCTTTACA GCACAAATAA AGTTTGAGTT CTAAACTCAT TAGAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA
Labs Working
- University of Massachusetts Medical Center, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano Via Viotti 3/5, 20133 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Clemson CM, Hutchinson JN, Sara SA, Ensminger AW, Fox AH, Chess A et al. An Architectural Role for a Nuclear Noncoding RNA: NEAT1 RNA Is Essential for the Structure of Paraspeckles[J]. Molecular cell. 2009, 33(6):717-726.
- ↑ Paola R, Antonia R & Marco V. The Long Non-Coding RNAs in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Novel Mechanisms of Pathogenesis[J]. Current Alzheimer Research. 2016, 13(11):1219-1231.
- ↑ Nishimoto Y, Nakagawa S, Hirose T, Okano HJ, Takao M, Shibata S et al. The long non-coding RNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1_2 induces paraspeckle formation in the motor neuron during the early phase of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis[J]. Molecular brain. 2013, 6:31-31.
- ↑ Geirsson A, Lynch R J, Paliwal I, et al. Human trophoblast noncoding RNA suppresses CIITA promoter III activity in murine B-lymphocytes[J]. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2003, 301(3):0-724.
