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TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik
May 15, 2025;138 (6): 119.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of a high-yield Chinese soybean variety Mengdou1137 unlocks genetic potential of disease and lodging resistance.

Rujian Sun, Bincheng Sun, Zihao Zheng, Qi Zhang, Xingguo Hu, Rongqi Guo, Lei Feng, Shen Chai, Jingshun Wang, Ping Qiu, Ping Yu, Ying Liu, Wei Song, Yinghui Li, Lijuan Qiu
Author Information
  1. Rujian Sun: State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/the National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
  2. Bincheng Sun: Hulunbuir Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hulunbuir, 021000, Inner Mongolia, China.
  3. Zihao Zheng: Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1051, USA.
  4. Qi Zhang: Hulunbuir Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hulunbuir, 021000, Inner Mongolia, China.
  5. Xingguo Hu: Hulunbuir Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hulunbuir, 021000, Inner Mongolia, China.
  6. Rongqi Guo: Hulunbuir Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hulunbuir, 021000, Inner Mongolia, China.
  7. Lei Feng: Hulunbuir Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hulunbuir, 021000, Inner Mongolia, China.
  8. Shen Chai: Hulunbuir Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hulunbuir, 021000, Inner Mongolia, China.
  9. Jingshun Wang: Hulunbuir Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hulunbuir, 021000, Inner Mongolia, China.
  10. Ping Qiu: Hulunbuir Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hulunbuir, 021000, Inner Mongolia, China.
  11. Ping Yu: Hulunbuir Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hulunbuir, 021000, Inner Mongolia, China.
  12. Ying Liu: Hulunbuir Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hulunbuir, 021000, Inner Mongolia, China.
  13. Wei Song: Hulunbuir Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hulunbuir, 021000, Inner Mongolia, China.
  14. Yinghui Li: State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/the National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China. liyinghui@caas.cn. ORCID
  15. Lijuan Qiu: State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/the National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization (MARA), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China. qiulijuan@caas.cn. ORCID
PMID: 40369104 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-025-04881-4

Abstract

KEY MESSAGE: We assembled the genome of Mengdou1137 with high quality and revealed the specific disease resistance genes and a large number of genomic variations related to agronomic traits. As a cornerstone in the global agricultural landscape, soybean stands as a pivotal oilseed crop, underpinning both nutritional and industrial applications. The burgeoning development of novel soybean varieties significantly propels the crop's industrialization, offering enhanced traits that cater to diverse agricultural and commercial needs. In this study, we present the de novo assembly of the genome a high-yield Chinese soybean variety Mengdou1137, employing an integrated approach of both long-read and short-read sequencing technologies to achieve comprehensive genomic insights. Achieving a notable assembly with a genome size of 999.99 Mb, our work features a contig N50 of 14.92 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 50.26 Mb, successfully anchoring 98.24% of sequences across the 20 chromosomes. Through meticulous comparative analysis with existing soybean genomes, our research unveiled 115 Mengdou1137-specific disease resistance genes alongside a substantial array of agronomical trait-associated genomic variants. Among the salient genomic features, we identified a favorable haplotype of the dwarf gene PH13, a critical determinant of plant stature, underscoring its potential for breeding compact soybean varieties with lodging resistance. This high-quality assembly of the Mengdou1137 genome not only enriches the repository of soybean genetic resources but also paves the way for future innovations in soybean breeding and trait improvement, offering valuable insights for the enhancement of this crucial agricultural commodity.

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Grants

  1. 2023JBGS0006/"select the best candidates to undertake key research projects" of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

MeSH Term

Glycine max
Disease Resistance
Genome, Plant
Plant Diseases
Chromosomes, Plant
Chromosome Mapping
Phenotype
Plant Breeding
Quantitative Trait Loci
China
Journal Article

Links to CNCB-NGDC Resources

GWH: GWHFOPD00000000.1 (Glycine max)

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