Os10g0558900

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Annotated Information

Function

As an important agronomic trait, leaf rolling in rice (Oryza sativa L.) has attracted much attention from plant biologists and breeders. Moderate leaf rolling increases the amount of photosynthesis in cultivars and hence raises grain yield. RL14 (rolling leaf 14) regulates leaf rolling, which is found to encode a 2OG-Fe (II) oxygenase of unknown function. the RL14 gene affects water transport in leaves by affecting the composition of the secondary cell wall. This change in water transport results in water deficiency, which is the major reason for the abnormal shape of the bulliform cells. RL14 mutant plants displayed smaller stomatal complexes and decreased transpiration rates, as compared with the wild type. Defective development could be rescued functionally by the expression of wild-type RL14.

Expression

Histochemistry, as well as qRT-PCR analysis, showed that RL14 was highly transcribed in leaves, leaf sheaths and roots. It was also detected in stems and glumes, although its expression in these organs was not as intense as that in the mature leaves, leaf sheaths and roots (Figure 1b). Expression of RL14 mRNA was detected in the sclerenchymal cell layer of underemerged leaves and sheaths. In the mature leaf, RL14 mRNA accumulated mainly in the mesophyll cells that surrounded the vasculature (Figure 1c).Independent transgenic lines were identified through qRT-PCR analysis of RL14 expression using primers that matched sequences in the coding region. The results showed that the expression of RL14 was restored to the WT level in the transgenic plants.Comparison with the corresponding genomic sequence revealed that the RL14 gene consisted of three exons and two introns, and the coding sequence was 834-bp long and encoded a protein of 278 amino acids (Figure 2a). Protein sequence analysis revealed that the RL14 protein had a 2OG-Fe(II) oxygenase domain(amino acids 128–228).

    Fig 1.Analysis of the expression pattern for the RL14 gene

Evolution

The RL14 gene was mapped first to an interval between the simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers RM3123 and RM1162 on the long arm of chromosome 10. Finally, the RL14 locus was mapped to a 24.5-kb DNA region between the InDel marker SID2 and SSR marker SW24 on a single bacterial artificial chromosome, AC079874. Four annotated candidate genes, which encoded a polyol transporter (Os10g40950.1), a 2OG-Fe (II) oxygenase family protein (Os10g40960.1), a flavonol synthase (Os10g40990.1) and a retrotransposon protein (Os10g41000), were located in the 24.5-kb DNA region. RL14 was related most closely to members of the 2OG-Fe (II) oxygenase family from rice and sorghum (Figure 2b). Orthologous of RL14 was identified in other species, such as maize, Arabidopsis, Papaver somniferum, Vitis spp and Ricinus communis (Figure 2b).

  Fig 2.Phylogenetic analysis and subcellular localization of RL14 protein

Labs working on this gene

Rice Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.

References

Fang L, Zhao F, Cong Y, et al. Rolling‐leaf14 is a 2OG‐Fe (II) oxygenase family protein that modulates rice leaf rolling by affecting secondary cell wall formation in leaves[J]. Plant biotechnology journal, 2012, 10(5): 524-532.