Scientific Name	Pongo abelii
Common Name	Orang-utan, Orangutan, orang utan; Pongo pygmaeus abeli; Pongo pygmaeus abelii;
Taxonomy ID	9601
Lineage	cellular organisms > Eukaryota > Opisthokonta > Metazoa > Eumetazoa > Bilateria > Deuterostomia > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Gnathostomata > Teleostomi > Euteleostomi > Sarcopterygii > Dipnotetrapodomorpha > Tetrapoda > Amniota > Mammalia > Theria > Eutheria > Boreoeutheria > Euarchontoglires > Primates > Haplorrhini > Simiiformes > Catarrhini > Hominoidea > Hominidae > Ponginae > Pongo
External Links	NCBI;
Representative Assembly	P_pygmaeus_2.0.2	GCF_000001545.4	DNA GFF RNA Protein

Description:

The two former subspecies of orangutan, Bornean Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus and Sumatran P. pygmaeus abelii, have recently been promoted to distinct Sumatran (P. abelii) and Bornean (P. pygmaeus) orangutan species. Orangutans are critically endangered primates whose populations have decreased nearly ninety percent in the past few decades. The Sumatran orangutan genome is valued in evolutionary studies of humans and great apes as orangutans are the closest living relatives to these hominoids and have a karyotype that is thought to be most similar to the ancestral hominoid karyotype. Sumatran and Bornean orangutan genomes can be cytogenetically distinguished by several pericentric inversions. The Pongo abelii haploid genome is estimated to be 3090 Mb. The diploid genome is organized in 23 pairs of autosomes and two sex chromosomes. Human chromosome 2 is a fusion of orangutan chromosomes 2A and 2B.