The detail information of Diabetes mellitus
OMIA Basic Information

Possible human homologues (MIM numbers):

Mendelian trait/disorder: no

Mode of inheritance: Multifactorial

Considered a defect: yes

Year key mutation first reported: -

Species-specific name: -

Species-specific symbol: -

More detail information can see in

Associated Breeds
There are associated breeds.
Associated Gene
There are no associated genes.
References
Note: the references are listed in reverse chronological order (from the most recent year to the earliest year), and alphabetically by first author within a year.
2021 Denyer,A.L.,Catchpole,B.,Davison,L.J.: :
Genetics of canine diabetes mellitus part 1: Phenotypes of disease. Vet J 270:105611, 2021.
Pubmed reference: 33641807 . DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2021.105611 .
2021 Denyer,A.L.,Catchpole,B.,Davison,L.J.: :
Genetics of canine diabetes mellitus part 2: Current understanding and future directions. Vet J 270:105612, 2021.
Pubmed reference: 33641811 . DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2021.105612 .
2021 Sanz,C.R.,Sevane,N.,Pérez-Alenza,M.D.,Valero-Lorenzo,M.,Dunner,S.: :
Polymorphisms in canine immunoglobulin heavy chain gene cluster: a double-edged sword for diabetes mellitus in the dog. Anim Genet :, 2021.
Pubmed reference: 33621396 . DOI: 10.1111/age.13047 .
2020 Denyer,A.L.,Massey,J.P.,Davison,L.J.,Ollier,W.E.R.,Catchpole,B.,Kennedy,L.J.: :
Dog leucocyte antigen (DLA) class II haplotypes and risk of canine diabetes mellitus in specific dog breeds. Canine Med Genet 7:15, 2020.
Pubmed reference: 33292601 . DOI: 10.1186/s40575-020-00093-9 .
2020 Mui,M.L.,Famula,T.R.,Henthorn,P.S.,Hess,R.S.: :
Heritability and complex segregation analysis of naturally-occurring diabetes in Australian Terrier Dogs. PLoS One 15:e0239542, 2020.
Pubmed reference: 32970763 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239542 .
2019 Cai,S.V.,Famula,T.R.,Oberbauer,A.M.,Hess,R.S.: :
Heritability and complex segregation analysis of diabetes mellitus in American Eskimo Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 33:1926-1934, 2019.
Pubmed reference: 31318104 . DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15570 .
2019 Hess,R.,Henthorn,P.,Devoto,M.,Wang,F.,Feng,R.: :
An exploratory association analysis of the insulin gene region with diabetes mellitus in two dog breeds. J Hered :, 2019.
Pubmed reference: 31587057 . DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esz059 .
2017 Davison,L.J.,Holder,A.,Catchpole,B.,O'Callaghan,C.A.: :
The Canine POMC Gene, Obesity in Labrador Retrievers and Susceptibility to Diabetes Mellitus. J Vet Intern Med 31:343-348, 2017.
Pubmed reference: 28176381 . DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14636 .
2016 Brito-Casillas,Y.,Melián,C.,Wägner,A.M.: :
Study of the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes mellitus through animal models. Endocrinol Nutr 63:345-53, 2016.
Pubmed reference: 27246633 . DOI: 10.1016/j.endonu.2016.03.011 .
2014 Short,A.D.,Holder,A.,Rothwell,S.,Massey,J.,Scholey,R.,Kennedy,L.J.,Catchpole,B.,Ollier,W.E.: :
Searching for "monogenic diabetes" in dogs using a candidate gene approach. Canine Genet Epidemiol 1:8, 2014.
Pubmed reference: 26401325 . DOI: 10.1186/2052-6687-1-8 .
2013 Catchpole,B.,Adams,J.P.,Holder,A.L.,Short,A.D.,Ollier,W.E.,Kennedy,L.J.: :
Genetics of canine diabetes mellitus: are the diabetes susceptibility genes identified in humans involved in breed susceptibility to diabetes mellitus in dogs? Vet J 195:139-47, 2013.
Pubmed reference: 23265864 . DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.11.013 .
2010 Fall,T.,Hedhammar,A.,Wallberg,A.,Fall,N.,Ahlgren,K.M.,Hamlin,H.H.,Lindblad-Toh,K.,Andersson,G.,Kämpe,O.: :
Diabetes mellitus in elkhounds is associated with diestrus and pregnancy. J Vet Intern Med 24:1322-8, 2010.
Pubmed reference: 21054539 . DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0630.x .
2008 Catchpole,B.,Kennedy,LJ.,Davison,LJ.,Ollier,WE.: :
Canine diabetes mellitus: from phenotype to genotype. J Small Anim Pract 49:4-10, 2008.
Pubmed reference: 17617163 . DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2007.00398.x .
2007 Short,AD.,Catchpole,B.,Kennedy,LJ.,Barnes,A.,Fretwell,N.,Jones,C.,Thomson,W.,Ollier,WE.: :
Analysis of candidate susceptibility genes in canine diabetes. J Hered 98:518-25, 2007.
Pubmed reference: 17611256 . DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esm048 .
2006 Kennedy,LJ.,Davison,LJ.,Barnes,A.,Short,AD.,Fretwell,N.,Jones,CA.,Lee,AC.,Ollier,WE.,Catchpole,B.: :
Identification of susceptibility and protective major histocompatibility complex haplotypes in canine diabetes mellitus. Tissue Antigens 68:467-76, 2006.
Pubmed reference: 17176436 . DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00716.x .
2005 Catchpole,B.,Ristic,JM.,Fleeman,LM.,Davison,LJ.: :
Canine diabetes mellitus: can old dogs teach us new tricks? Diabetologia 48:1948-56, 2005.
Pubmed reference: 16151773 . DOI: 10.1007/s00125-005-1921-1 .
2005 Cullen,CL.,Ihle,SL.,Webb,AA.,McCarville,C.: :
Keratoconjunctival effects of diabetes mellitus in dogs. Vet Ophthalmol 8:215-24, 2005.
Pubmed reference: 16008700 . DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2005.00389.x .
2005 Davison,L.: :
Determining the genetics of canine diabetes mellitus. J Small Anim Pract 46:464, 2005.
Pubmed reference: 16167601 .
2005 Davison,LJ.,Herrtage,ME.,Catchpole,B.: :
Study of 253 dogs in the United Kingdom with diabetes mellitus. Vet Rec 156:467-71, 2005.
Pubmed reference: 15828742 .
2005 Magori,E.,Nakamura,M.,Inoue,A.,Tanaka,A.,Sasaki,N.,Fukuda,H.,Mizutani,H.,Sako,T.,Kimura,N.,Arai,T.: :
Malate dehydrogenase activities are lower in some types of peripheral leucocytes of dogs and cats with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Res Vet Sci 78:39-44, 2005.
Pubmed reference: 15500838 . DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.06.001 .
2005 Monroe,WE.,Laxton,D.,Fallin,EA.,Richter,KP.,Santen,DR.,Panciera,DL.,Towell,TL.,Williams,KA.,Hart,JR.,Hill,S.,Finkler,MR.,Shinn,JS.: :
Efficacy and safety of a purified porcine insulin zinc suspension for managing diabetes mellitus in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 19:675-82, 2005.
Pubmed reference: 16231711 .
2004 Fincham,SC.,Drobatz,KJ.,Gillespie,TN.,Hess,RS.: :
Evaluation of plasma-ionized magnesium concentration in 122 dogs with diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study. J Vet Intern Med 18:612-7, 2004.
Pubmed reference: 15515574 .
2004 Fracassi,F.,Pietra,M.,Boari,A.,Aste,G.,Giunti,M.,Famigli-Bergamini,P.: :
Breed distribution of canine diabetes mellitus in Italy. Vet Res Commun 28 Suppl 1:339-42, 2004.
Pubmed reference: 15372992 .
2004 Rand,JS.,Fleeman,LM.,Farrow,HA.,Appleton,DJ.,Lederer,R.: :
Canine and feline diabetes mellitus: nature or nurture? J Nutr 134:2072S-2080S, 2004.
Pubmed reference: 15284406 .
2004 Vargas,AM.,Barros,RP.,Zampieri,RA.,Okamoto,MM.,deCarvalhoPapa,P.,Machado,UF.: :
Abnormal subcellular distribution of GLUT4 protein in obese and insulin-treated diabetic female dogs. Braz J Med Biol Res 37:1095-101, 2004.
Pubmed reference: 15264018 . DOI: /S0100-879X2004000700020 .
2003 Casella,M.,Wess,G.,Hassig,M.,Reusch,C.E.: :
Home monitoring of blood glucose concentration by owners of diabetic dogs Journal of Small Animal Practice 44:298-305, 2003.
Pubmed reference: 12866927 .
2003 Good,K.L.,Maggs,D.J.,Hollingsworth,S.R.,Scagliotti,R.H.,Nelson,R.W.: :
Corneal sensitivity in dogs with diabetes mellitus American Journal of Veterinary Research 64:7-11, 2003.
Pubmed reference: 12518871 .
2003 Guptill,L.,Glickman,L.,Glickman,N.: :
Time trends and risk factors for diabetes mellitus in dogs: analysis of veterinary medical data base records (1970-1999) Veterinary Journal 165:240-7, 2003.
2003 Hess,R.S.,Ilan,I.: :
Renal abscess in a dog with transient diabetes mellitus Journal of Small Animal Practice 44:13-6, 2003.
Pubmed reference: 12570346 .
2003 Hess,R.S.,Kass,P.H.,Van,Winkle,T.J.: :
Association between diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism or hyperadrenocorticism, and atherosclerosis in dogs Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 17:489-94, 2003.
Pubmed reference: 12892299 .
2002 Behrend,E.N.: :
Diabetes mellitus: An update on oral hypoglycemic agents and monitoring options Veterinary Medicine 97:743-+, 2002.
2002 Bennett,N.: :
Monitoring techniques for diabetes mellitus in the dog and the cat Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice 17:65-69, 2002.
Pubmed reference: 12219718 . DOI: 10.1053/svms.2002.33044 .
2002 Casella,M.,Wess,G.,Reusch,C.E.: :
Measurement of capillary blood glucose concentrations by pet owners: A new tool in the management of diabetes mellitus Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 38:239-245, 2002.
Pubmed reference: 12022410 .
2002 Greco,D.S.: :
Diabetes mellitus: Monitoring and management in small animals - Foreword Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice 17:VI, 2002.
2002 Hoenig,M.: :
Comparative aspects of diabetes mellitus in dogs and cats Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology 197:221-229, 2002.
2002 Kimmel,S.E.,Ward,C.R.,Henthorn,P.S.,Hess,R.S.: :
Familial insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Samoyed dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 38:235-8, 2002.
Pubmed reference: 12022409 . DOI: 10.5326/0380235 .
2002 McGuire,N.C.,Schulman,R.,Ridgway,M.D.,Bollero,G.: :
Detection of occult urinary tract infections in dogs with diabetes mellitus Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 38:541-544, 2002.
Pubmed reference: 12428885 .
2002 Prathaban,S.,Gnanaprakasam,V.: :
Complications of canine diabetes mellitus - A clinical survey Indian Veterinary Journal 79:1259-1261, 2002.
2002 Stein,J.E.,Greco,D.S.: :
Portable blood glucose meters as a means of monitoring blood glucose concentrations in dogs and cats with diabetes mellitus Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice 17:70-72, 2002.
Pubmed reference: 12219719 . DOI: 10.1053/svms.2002.33041 .
2002 Webb,C.B.: :
Troubleshooting the diabetic small animal patient Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice 17:79-85, 2002.
Pubmed reference: 12219721 . DOI: 10.1053/svms.2002.33037 .
2001 Reusch,C.E.,Wess,G.,Casella,M.: :
Home monitoring of blood glucose concentration in the management of diabetes mellitus Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian 23:544-+, 2001.
2000 Briggs,C.E.,Nelson,R.W.,Feldman,E.C.,Elliott,D.A.,Neal,L.A.: :
Reliability of history and physical examination findings for assessing control of glycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus: 53 cases (1995-1998) Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 217:48-53, 2000.
Pubmed reference: 10909446 .
2000 Hess,R.S.,Kass,P.H.,Ward,C.R.: :
Breed distribution of dogs with diabetes mellitus admitted to a tertiary care facility Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 216:1414-1417, 2000.
Pubmed reference: 10800511 .
2000 Hess,R.S.,Saunders,H.P.,Van,Winkle,T.J.,Ward,C.R.: :
Concurrent disorders in dogs with diabetes mellitus: 221 cases (1993-1998) Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 217:1166-1173, 2000.
Pubmed reference: 11043687 .
2000 Hess,R.S.,Ward,C.R.: :
Effect of insulin dosage on glycemic response in dogs with diabetes mellitus: 221 cases (1993-1998) Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 216:217-221, 2000.
Pubmed reference: 10649757 .
2000 Horn,B.,Mitten,R.W.: :
Evaluation of an insulin zinc suspension for control of naturally occurring diabetes mellitus in dogs Australian Veterinary Journal 78:831-834, 2000.
Pubmed reference: 11194469 .
2000 Nelson,R.W.,Robertson,J.,Feldman,E.C.,Briggs,C.: :
Effect of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose on control of glycemia in dogs with naturally acquired diabetes mellitus Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 216:1265-1269, 2000.
Pubmed reference: 10767967 .
1999 Forrester,S.D.,Troy,G.C.,Dalton,M.N.,Huffman,J.W.,Holtzman,G.: :
Retrospective evaluation of urinary tract infection in 42 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism or diabetes mellitus or both Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 13:557-560, 1999.
Pubmed reference: 10587255 .
1999 Nelson,R.W.,Feldman,E.C.: :
Insulin therapy for diabetic dogs and cats (reprinted from Proceedings of the 15th Waltham/Osu Symposium) Irish Veterinary Journal 52:328-+, 1999.
1999 Remillard,R.L.: :
Nutritional management of diabetic dogs Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian 21:699-+, 1999.
1999 Sottiaux,J.: :
Atherosclerosis in a dog with diabetes mellitus Journal of Small Animal Practice 40:581-584, 1999.
Pubmed reference: 10664956 .
1998 Hess,R.S.,Ward,C.R.: :
Diabetes mellitus, hyperadrenocorticism, and hypothyroidism in a dog Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 34:204-207, 1998.
Pubmed reference: 9590447 .
1998 Hess,R.S.,Ward,C.R.: :
Concurrent canine hyperadrenocorticism and diabetes mellitus - diagnosis and treatment Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian 20:701 ff., 1998.
1998 Loste,A.,Marca,M.C.: :
Diabetes mellitus in dogs - a study of the critical difference for canine serum fructosamine Veterinary Record 142:547-548, 1998.
Pubmed reference: 9637382 .
1998 Nelson,R.W.,Duesberg,C.A.,Ford,S.L.,Feldman,E.C.,Davenport,D.J.,Kiernan,C.,Neal,L.: :
Effect of dietary insoluble fiber on control of glycemia in dogs with naturally acquired diabetes mellitus Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 212:380 ff., 1998.
1998 Struble,A.L.,Feldman,E.C.,Nelson,R.W.,Kass,P.H.: :
Systemic hypertension and proteinuria in dogs with diabetes mellitus Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 213:822 ff., 1998.
1997 Diez,M.,Istasse,L.: :
Dietary fibres in dogs .5. effects on glucose metabolism and use in the treatment of diabetes mellitus [Review] [French] Annales de Medecine Veterinaire 141:273 ff., 1997.
1997 Minkus,G.,Breuer,W.,Arun,S.,Kirsch,M.,Muller,D.,Mueller,J.,Hermanns,W.: :
Ductuloendocrine cell proliferation in the pancreas of two young dogs with diabetes mellitus Veterinary Pathology 34:164-167, 1997.
Pubmed reference: 9066086 .
1997 Thoresen,S.I.,Lorenzen,F.H.: :
Treatment of diabetes mellitus in dogs using isophane insulin penfills and the use of serum fructosamine assays to diagnose and monitor the disease Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 38:137-146, 1997.
Pubmed reference: 9257449 .
1996 Kirsch,M.,Reusch,C.: :
Urinalysis in dogs with diabetes mellitus - does diabetic nephropathy occur in dogs - second communication [Hungarian] Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja 51:719-720, 1996.
1996 Montgomery,T.M.,Nelson,R.W.,Feldman,E.C.,Robertson,K.,Polonsky,K.S.: :
Basal and glucagon-stimulated plasma c-peptide concentrations in healthy dogs, dogs with diabetes mellitus, and dogs with hyperadrenocorticism Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 10:116-122, 1996.
Pubmed reference: 8743209 .
1996 Nelson,R.W.: :
Treatment of diabetes mellitus in dogs and cats Veterinary Quarterly 18:S 27-S 29, 1996.
1996 Reusch,C.: :
Diabetes mellitus in the dog and cat - diagnosis, therapy and long-term monitoring [German] Praktische Tierarzt 77:98 ff., 1996.
1996 Vankeulen,L.J.M.,Wesdorp,J.L.,Kooistra,H.S.: :
Diabetes mellitus in a dog with a growth hormone-producing acidophilic adenoma of the adenohypophysis Veterinary Pathology 33:451-453, 1996.
Pubmed reference: 8817849 .
1996 Yoshida,M.,Barata,K.,Jin,A.L.,Takahashi,M.,Maekawa,A.: :
A case report of superficial necrolytic dermatitis in a beagle dog with diabetes mellitus Toxicologic Pathology 24:498-501, 1996.
Pubmed reference: 8864192 .
1995 Basher,A.W.P.,Roberts,S.M.: :
Ocular manifestations of diabetes mellitus: Diabetic cataracts in dogs Veterinary Clinics of North America - Small Animal Practice 25:661-676, 1995.
1995 Elie,M.,Hoenig,M.: :
Canine immune-mediated diabetes mellitus Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 31:295-299, 1995.
Pubmed reference: 7552660 .
1995 Hoenig,M.: :
Pathophysiology of canine diabetes Veterinary Clinics of North America - Small Animal Practice 25:553-561, 1995.
1995 Jensen,A.L.: :
Glycated blood proteins in canine diabetes mellitus Veterinary Record 137:401-405, 1995.
Pubmed reference: 8545938 .
1995 Munana,K.R.: :
Long-term complications of diabetes mellitus .1. Retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy Veterinary Clinics of North America - Small Animal Practice 25:715-730, 1995.
1995 Parthaban,S.,Gnanaprakasam,V.,Dhanapalan,P.: :
Canine diabetes mellitus - a clinical survey Indian Veterinary Journal 72:965-968, 1995.
1995 Peterson,M.E.: :
Diagnosis and management of insulin resistance in dogs and cats with diabetes mellitus Veterinary Clinics of North America - Small Animal Practice 25:691-713, 1995.
1995 Plotnick,A.N.,Greco,D.S.: :
Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in dogs and cats - Contrasts and comparisons Veterinary Clinics of North America - Small Animal Practice 25:563-570, 1995.
1995 Prathaban,S.,Gnanaprakasam,V.: :
Glycosylated haemoglobin in experimental and clinical canine diabetes mellitus Indian Veterinary Journal 72:265-268, 1995.
1995 Reusch,C.,Kirsch,M.,Vochezer,R.: :
The importance of fructosamine-analysis in the control of diabetes mellitus .1. Investigations in normal and diabetic dogs Kleintierpraxis 40:85, 1995.
1994 Grooters,A.M.,Sherding,R.G.,Biller,D.S.,Johnson,S.E.: :
Hepatic Abscesses Associated with Diabetes Mellitus in 2 Dogs Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 8:203-206, 1994.
Pubmed reference: 8064655 .
1994 Jensen,A.L.: :
Serum fructosamine as a screening test for diabetes mellitus in non-healthy middle-aged to older dogs Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A - Zentralblatt Fur Veterinarmedizin Reihe A - Physiology Pathology Clinical Medicine 41:480-484, 1994.
1993 Barrie,J.,Watson,T.D.G.,Stear,M.J.,Nash,A.S.: :
Plasma Cholesterol and Lipoprotein Concentrations in the Dog - The Effects of Age, Breed, Gender and Endocrine Disease Journal of Small Animal Practice 34:507-512, 1993.
1993 Ford,S.L.,Nelson,R.W.,Feldman,E.C.,Niwa,D.: :
Insulin Resistance in 3 Dogs with Hypothyroidism and Diabetes mellitus Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 202:1478-1480, 1993.
Pubmed reference: 8496104 .
1990 Blaxter,A.C.,Gruffydd-Jones,T.J.: :
Concurrent Diabetes Mellitus and Hyperadrenocorticism in the Dog - Diagnosis and Management of 8 Cases Journal of Small Animal Practice 31:117-122, 1990.
1989 Hoenig,M.,Ferguson,D.C.: :
Diabetes Mellitus in the Dog and Cat Companion Animal Practice 19:12-16, 1989.
1988 Kramer,J.W.,Klaassen,J.K.,Baskin,D.G.,Prieur,D.J.,Rantanen,N.W.,Robinette,J.D.,Graber,W.R.,Rashti,L.: :
Inheritance of diabetes mellitus in Keeshond dogs American Journal of Veterinary Research 49:428-431, 1988.
Pubmed reference: 3358555 .
1982 Engerman,R.L.,Kramer,J.W.: :
Dogs with induced or spontaneous diabetes as models for the study of human diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 31:26-9, 1982.
Pubmed reference: 6761192 . DOI: 10.2337/diab.31.1.s26 .
1981 Kramer,J.W.: :
Animal model of human disease: Inherited early-onset, insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus in keeshond dogs. Am J Pathol 105:194-6, 1981.
Pubmed reference: 7027806 .
1980 Kramer,J.W.,Nottingham,S.,Robinette,J.,Lenz,G.,Sylvester,S.,Dessouky,M.I.: :
Inherited, early onset, insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus of Keeshond dogs. Diabetes 29:558-65, 1980.
Pubmed reference: 6991341 . DOI: 10.2337/diab.29.7.558 .
1960 Krook,L.,Larrson,S.,Rooney,J.T.: :
The interrelationship between diabetes mellitus, obesity and pyometra in the dog American Journal of Veterinary Research VL :120-124, 1960.