Basic information
Locus name	AT4G34890
Alias	AtXDH1
Organism	Arabidopsis thaliana
Taxonomic identifier	[NCBI]
Function category	Nucleic acid degradation:purine catabolism
Effect for Senescence	delay
Gene Description	Encodes a xanthine dehydrogenase, involved in purine catabolism. Ubiquitously expressed, but the transcript level is altered during aging, senescence, salt and cold stress, ABA treatment, and dark treatment. RNAi lines that suppress both XDH1 and XDH2 produce small plants with reduced fertility and accelerated leaf senescence.
Evidence	Genetic evidence:Mutant [Ref 1]; Genomic evidence:microarray data [Ref 2]
References	1: Brychkova G, Alikulov Z, Fluhr R, Sagi M A critical role for ureides in dark and senescence-induced purine remobilization is unmasked in the Atxdh1 Arabidopsis mutant. Plant J. 2008 May;54(3):496-509 2: Buchanan-Wollaston V, Page T, Harrison E, Breeze E, Lim PO, Nam HG, Lin JF, Wu SH, Swidzinski J, Ishizaki K, Leaver CJ Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals significant differences in gene expression and signalling pathways between developmental and dark/starvation-induced senescence in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2005 May;42(4):567-85
Gene Ontology	biological process oxidation-reduction process molecular function electron carrier activity iron ion binding iron-sulfur cluster binding metal ion binding oxidoreductase activity
Sequence	AT4G34890.1 | Genomic | mRNA | CDS | Protein
Mutant information
Mutant name	Atxdh1
Mutant/Transgenic	mutant
Ecotype	Col-0
Mutagenesis type	T-DNA insertion_knock out
Microarray
Sampling	Buchanan-Wollaston V, Page T, Harrison E, Breeze E, Lim PO, Nam HG, Lin JF, Wu SH, Swidzinski J, Ishizaki K, Leaver CJ. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals significant differences in gene expression and signalling pathways between developmental and dark/starvation-induced senescence in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2005 May;42(4)
Comparation	Legends: Col: wild type, indicates the ratio of expression in senescing leaves/green leaves. NahG, coi1 and ein2: indicates the ratio of expression in senescing leaves of mutant/senescing wild type. D/L: ratio of DARK 5d/control. CD: Cell Death, ratio of starved cell suspension culture/control. Genes showing at least 3 fold (ratio) up regulation during leaf senescence.
miRNA Interaction
Details	target: AT4G34890.1  miRNA: ath-miR781 miRNA: ath-miR781 mfe: -22.5 kcal/mol  p-value: 0.179372  position:  1679  target 5' G             U      C 3'             GAGU UUCGGAAA CUCUAA              UUCA AGGUCUUU GAGAUU   miRNA  3' A    U        U        5'  target: AT4G34890.1  miRNA: ath-miR823 miRNA: ath-miR823 mfe: -24.2 kcal/mol  p-value: 0.109543  position:  549  target 5' U   G     C        G     U 3'             GUC UUGUA UGGUUAUC ACCCA              UAG AAUAU ACUAGUGG UGGGU   miRNA  3'                            5'
Ortholog Group
Ortholog Groups: OG5_127252	Accession Taxon NP_001077966 Arabidopsis thaliana NP_180283 Arabidopsis thaliana NP_189946 Arabidopsis thaliana NP_195215 ( AT4G34890 ) Arabidopsis thaliana NP_195216 Arabidopsis thaliana NP_563711 Arabidopsis thaliana NP_568407 Arabidopsis thaliana NP_851049 Arabidopsis thaliana 117669 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ACO65070 Micromonas sp. RCC299 NP_001050420 Oryza sativa Japonica Group NP_001051517 Oryza sativa Japonica Group NP_001051518 Oryza sativa Japonica Group NP_001058964 Oryza sativa Japonica Group NP_001059379 Oryza sativa Japonica Group NP_001064133 Oryza sativa Japonica Group e_gw1.170.7.1 Physcomitrella patens subsp. patens estExt_fgenesh1_pg.C_440069 Physcomitrella patens subsp. patens estExt_fgenesh1_pm.C_930001 Physcomitrella patens subsp. patens 29976.m000486 Ricinus communis 30169.m006431 Ricinus communis 47744.m000020 Ricinus communis estExt_thaps1_ua_kg.C_chr_220040 Thalassiosira pseudonana CCMP1335 XP_002953715 Volvox carteri f. nagariensis
Cross Link
Database Entry ID E-value Start End InterPro ID Description PIRSF PIRSF000127 0.0 9 1361 IPR016208 Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase ProSiteProfiles PS51085 9.9 15 101 IPR001041 2Fe-2S ferredoxin-type domain SUPERFAMILY SSF54292 2.1E-19 16 102 IPR001041 2Fe-2S ferredoxin-type domain PANTHER PTHR11908 0.0 17 1361 No hit NA Pfam PF00111 1.3E-8 20 86 IPR001041 2Fe-2S ferredoxin-type domain ProSitePatterns PS00197 NA 53 61 IPR006058 2Fe-2S ferredoxin, iron-sulphur binding site Pfam PF01799 4.3E-28 98 172 IPR002888 [2Fe-2S]-binding SUPERFAMILY SSF47741 3.1E-31 109 178 IPR002888 [2Fe-2S]-binding SUPERFAMILY SSF56176 4.5E-59 236 440 IPR016166 FAD-binding, type 2 ProSiteProfiles PS51387 24.5 257 442 IPR016166 FAD-binding, type 2 Pfam PF00941 6.2E-51 262 439 IPR002346 Molybdopterin dehydrogenase, FAD-binding SUPERFAMILY SSF55447 4.2E-33 444 558 IPR005107 CO dehydrogenase flavoprotein, C-terminal SMART SM01092 6.6E-25 447 553 IPR005107 CO dehydrogenase flavoprotein, C-terminal Pfam PF03450 9.9E-31 448 553 IPR005107 CO dehydrogenase flavoprotein, C-terminal SUPERFAMILY SSF54665 4.3E-44 575 720 IPR000674 Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, a/b hammerhead Pfam PF01315 3.0E-32 612 719 IPR000674 Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, a/b hammerhead SMART SM01008 2.2E-47 612 719 IPR000674 Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, a/b hammerhead SUPERFAMILY SSF56003 1.7E-187 719 1344 IPR008274 Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, molybdopterin binding Pfam PF02738 7.8E-174 727 1272 IPR008274 Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, molybdopterin binding
Mutant Image
Older leaves of the Atxdh1 mutant exhibited early senescence, lower soluble protein and lower organic-N levels as compared to wild-type (WT) older leaves when grown with 1 mM nitrate but were comparable to WT under 5 mM nitrate.
Subcellular Localization
Localization	cytosol
Evidence	SUBAcon
Pubmed ID	23180787