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Experimental brain research
Feb, 2021;239 (2): 667-674.

Effects of holding soft objects during Cyberball tasks under frequent positive feedback.

Toshiki Ikeda, Yuji Takeda
Author Information
  1. Toshiki Ikeda: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan. rikiyan0513@gmail.com. ORCID
  2. Yuji Takeda: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
PMID: 33388815 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-020-06000-9

Abstract

A previous study suggested that holding soft objects enhanced expectations of uncertain events and increased social pain under frequent negative feedback; i.e., higher expectations might have induced more disappointment. The present study examined the effects of holding a soft cushion under frequent positive feedback. Participants (n = 42) performed fair-play and over-inclusion blocks in the Cyberball task. Amplitudes of the contingent negative variation (CNV) of event-related brain potentials and subjective ratings of social pain were measured to estimate participants' expectations and emotions, respectively. CNV amplitudes were higher in the over-inclusion block when participants held the soft than the hard cushion. There was a statistically marginal trend (p = .095) for lower social pain scores in the soft cushion condition than the hard cushion condition in contrast to previous findings. These results suggest that holding a soft object does not directly modulate emotions but instead acts through the mediation of enhanced expectations.

Keywords

Cyberball task Social over-inclusion Soft objects contingent negative variation (CNV) expectation

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MeSH Term

Contingent Negative Variation
Electroencephalography
Emotions
Evoked Potentials
Feedback
Humans
Journal Article

Word Cloud

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