Therapeutic nexus of T cell immunometabolism in improving transplantation immunotherapy.
Shadab Kazmi, Mohammad Afzal Khan, Talal Shamma, Abdullah Altuhami, Abdullah Mohammed Assiri, Dieter Clemens Broering
Author Information
Shadab Kazmi: Transplant Research and Innovation Department, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: skazmi@kfshrc.edu.sa.
Mohammad Afzal Khan: Transplant Research and Innovation Department, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: mkhan26@fshrc.edu.sa.
Talal Shamma: Transplant Research and Innovation Department, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: tshamma@kfshrc.edu.sa.
Abdullah Altuhami: Transplant Research and Innovation Department, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: abaltuhami@kfshrc.edu.sa.
Abdullah Mohammed Assiri: Comparative Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: assiri@kfshrc.edu.sa.
Dieter Clemens Broering: Transplant Research and Innovation Department, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 12713, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: dbroering@kfshrc.edu.sa.
Immunometabolism is a therapeutic strategy to tune immune cells through metabolic reprogramming, which allows immune cells to be differentiated according to their energy requirements. Recent therapeutic strategies targeting immunometabolism suggest that intracellular metabolic reprogramming controls T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation into effector (Teff) or regulatory (Treg) cells. Immunometabolism is being studied for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including those associated with solid organ transplantation (SOT). Here, we review immunometabolic regulation of immune cells, with a particular focus on Treg metabolic regulation and liver kinase B1 (LKB1) signaling, which stabilize Tregs and prevent inflammation-associated tissue injuries. All in all, here we discussed how targeting T cell immunometabolism modulates Teff and Treg-mediated immune responses, which can be used to boost Treg differentiation, stability, and ultimately favor immunotolerance in clinical transplants.
