David Montani, Laurent Savale, Nicolas Noel, Olivier Meyrignac, Romain Colle, Matthieu Gasnier, Emmanuelle Corruble, Antoine Beurnier, Etienne-Marie Jutant, Tai Pham, Anne-Lise Lecoq, Jean-Fran��ois Papon, Samy Figuereido, Anatole Harrois, Marc Humbert, Xavier Monnet, pour le Groupe d�����tude Comebac
Author Information
David Montani: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de pneumologie et soins intensifs respiratoires, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 5 Thorinno, Inserm UMR_S999, Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Laurent Savale: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de pneumologie et soins intensifs respiratoires, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 5 Thorinno, Inserm UMR_S999, Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Nicolas Noel: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de m��decine interne et immunologie clinique, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 7 endocrinologie-immunit��s-inflammations-cancer-urgences, Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Olivier Meyrignac: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de radiologie diagnostique et interventionnelle, H��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 14 Smart Imaging, BioMaps, Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Romain Colle: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de psychiatrie, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 11 psychiatrie, sant�� mentale, addictologie et nutrition, ��quipe MOODS, Inserm U1178, centre de recherche en ��pid��miologie et sant�� des populations (CESP), Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Matthieu Gasnier: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de psychiatrie, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 11 psychiatrie, sant�� mentale, addictologie et nutrition, ��quipe MOODS, Inserm U1178, centre de recherche en ��pid��miologie et sant�� des populations (CESP), Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Emmanuelle Corruble: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de psychiatrie, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 11 psychiatrie, sant�� mentale, addictologie et nutrition, ��quipe MOODS, Inserm U1178, centre de recherche en ��pid��miologie et sant�� des populations (CESP), Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Antoine Beurnier: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de pneumologie et soins intensifs respiratoires, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 5 Thorinno, Inserm UMR_S999, Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Etienne-Marie Jutant: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de pneumologie et soins intensifs respiratoires, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 5 Thorinno, Inserm UMR_S999, Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Tai Pham: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de m��decine intensive-r��animation, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 4 CORREVE maladies du c��ur et des vaisseaux, Inserm UMR_S999, FHU Sepsis, CARMAS, 78, rue du G��n��ral-Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Anne-Lise Lecoq: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, centre de recherche clinique Paris-Saclay, DMU 13 sant�� publique, information m��dicale, appui �� la recherche clinique, Inserm U1018, centre de recherche en ��pid��miologie et sant�� des populations (CESP), Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Jean-Fran��ois Papon: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service d'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, DMU 9 neurosciences, Inserm, U955, E13, CNRS ERL7000, Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Samy Figuereido: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service d'anesth��sie-r��animation et m��decine p��ri-op��ratoire, H��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 12 anesth��sie, r��animation, douleur, Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Anatole Harrois: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de r��animation chirurgicale, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 12 anesth��sie, r��animation, douleur, Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Marc Humbert: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de pneumologie et soins intensifs respiratoires, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 5 Thorinno, Inserm UMR_S999, Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
Xavier Monnet: Universit�� Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, service de m��decine intensive-r��animation, h��pital de Bic��tre, DMU 4 CORREVE maladies du c��ur et des vaisseaux, Inserm UMR_S999, FHU Sepsis, CARMAS, 78, rue du G��n��ral-Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bic��tre, France.
In the aftermath of acute infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a large number of symptoms persist or appear, constituting a real syndrome called "long COVID-19" or "post-COVID- 19" or "post-acute COVID-19 syndrome". Its incidence is very high, half of patients showing at least one symptom at 4-6 months after Coronarovirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). They can affect many organs. The most common symptom is persistent fatigue, similar to that seen after other viral infections. Radiological pulmonary sequelae are relatively rare and not extensive. On the other hand, functional respiratory symptoms, primarily dyspnoea, are much more frequent. Dysfunctional breathing is a significant cause of dyspnoea. Cognitive disorders and psychological symptoms are also very common, with anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms being widely described. On the other hand, cardiac, endocrine, cutaneous, digestive or renal sequelae are rarer. The symptoms generally improve after several months, even if their prevalence at two years remains significant. Most of the symptoms are favored by the severity of the initial illness, and the psychic symptoms by the female sex. The pathophysiology of most symptoms is poorly understood. The influence of the treatments used in the acute phase is also important. Vaccination, on the other hand, seems to reduce their incidence. The sheer number of affected patients makes long-term COVID-19 syndrome a public health challenge.
