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Pain
Nov 01, 2023;164 (11): 2606-2614.

Validation of the pediatric version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale Revised in school-aged children and adolescents.

Josep Roman-Juan, Ester Solé, Elisabet Sánchez-Rodríguez, Elena Castarlenas, Mark P Jensen, Jordi Miró
Author Information
  1. Josep Roman-Juan: Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain-ALGOS, Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain.
  2. Ester Solé: Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain-ALGOS, Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain.
  3. Elisabet Sánchez-Rodríguez: Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain-ALGOS, Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain.
  4. Elena Castarlenas: Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain-ALGOS, Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain.
  5. Mark P Jensen: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
  6. Jordi Miró: Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain-ALGOS, Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain. ORCID
PMID: 37463221 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002965

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS) was originally developed to grade the severity of chronic pain conditions in adults. A revised version of this instrument (ie, GCPS-R) has been developed for use with adults to account for advances in pain metrics and new operational definitions of chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain. The purpose of the current study was to adapt the GCPS-R for use with pediatric samples (P-GCPS-R) and evaluate the adapted measure's concurrent validity. One thousand five hundred sixty-four school-aged children and adolescents (55% girls; 8-18 years) completed the P-GCPS-R and provided responses to measures of physical health, anxiety and depressive symptoms, maladaptive pain coping strategies, and activity limitations. Results showed that 14% of participants had chronic pain, of which 37% (5% of the whole sample) had mild chronic pain, 45% (6% of the whole sample) bothersome chronic pain, and 18% (3% of the whole sample) high-impact chronic pain. Participants without chronic pain and those with mild chronic pain showed no significant between-group differences in any of the study measures. Participants with bothersome chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain reported worse physical health, more anxiety and depressive symptoms, pain catastrophizing, and activity limitations than those with mild chronic pain. Participants with high-impact chronic pain reported more activity limitations than those with bothersome chronic pain. The findings support the concurrent validity of the P-GCPS-R for use with pediatric samples.

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