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European journal of nutrition
Dec, 2024;63 (8): 2933-2942.

Adherence to EAT-Lancet reference diet and risk of premature coronary artery diseases: a multi-center case-control study.

Amirhossein Ataei Kachouei, Noushin Mohammadifard, Fahimeh Haghighatdoost, Parisa Hajihashemi, Ehsan Zarepur, Fereydoon Nouhi, Tooba Kazemi, Nahid Salehi, Kamal Solati, Samad Ghaffari, Mahboobeh Gholipour, Habib Heybar, Hassan Alikhasi, Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Author Information
  1. Amirhossein Ataei Kachouei: Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. ORCID
  2. Noushin Mohammadifard: Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
  3. Fahimeh Haghighatdoost: Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. f_haghighatdoost@yahoo.com. ORCID
  4. Parisa Hajihashemi: Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
  5. Ehsan Zarepur: Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
  6. Fereydoon Nouhi: Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  7. Tooba Kazemi: Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
  8. Nahid Salehi: Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
  9. Kamal Solati: Department of Psychiatry, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
  10. Samad Ghaffari: Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
  11. Mahboobeh Gholipour: Department of Cardiology, Healthy Heart Research Center, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
  12. Habib Heybar: Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
  13. Hassan Alikhasi: Heart Failure Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
  14. Nizal Sarrafzadegan: Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
PMID: 39167176 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03475-y

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In 2019, a globally sustainable dietary pattern that primarily emphasizes the consumption of plant-based foods was proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission. However, there is limited evidence regarding the association of this diet with coronary events.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between the EAT-Lancet Reference Diet (ELD) and premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) risk and its severity.
METHODS: This multi-center, case-control study was conducted within the framework of the Iran premature coronary artery disease (I-PAD). A total of 3185 participants aged under 70 years in women and 60 years in men were included. Cases were those whose coronary angiography showed stenosis���������75% in at least one vessel or ������50% in the left main artery (n���=���2033), while the controls had normal angiography results (n���=���1152). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression was utilized to examine the association between ELD and presence of PCAD.
RESULTS: Compared with individuals in the first quartile, those in the highest quartile of ELD (OR���=���0.29, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.39; P for trend���<���0.001) and ELD calculated with minimum intake (OR���=���0.39, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.52; P���<���0.001) had lower risk of PCAD. Individuals in the highest quartile of adherence to the ELD and ELD with minimum intake had 78% and 72% lower risk of having severe PCAD compared with those in the lowest quartile, respectively.
CONCLUSION: An inverse association was observed between adherence to the ELD and PCAD risk and its severity. Large-scale prospective cohort studies are required to confirm these findings.

Keywords

EAT-Lancet diet ELD Iran Premature coronary artery disease

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Grants

  1. Isfahan University of Medical Sciences/Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

MeSH Term

Humans
Male
Female
Case-Control Studies
Coronary Artery Disease
Middle Aged
Risk Factors
Aged
Iran
Adult
Diet
Diet, Healthy
Journal Article Multicenter Study

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0ELDcoronaryarteryPCADriskEAT-Lancetassociationquartile0dietprematurediseaseintakeseveritymulti-centercase-controlstudyIranyearsangiographyhighestOR���=���02995%CI:39001minimumloweradherenceBACKGROUND:2019globallysustainabledietarypatternprimarilyemphasizesconsumptionplant-basedfoodsproposedCommissionHoweverlimitedevidenceregardingeventsOBJECTIVES:determineReferenceDietMETHODS:conductedwithinframeworkI-PADtotal3185participantsaged70women60menincludedCaseswhoseshowedstenosis���������75%leastonevessel������50%leftmainn���=���2033controlsnormalresultsn���=���1152DietaryassessedusingvalidatedfoodfrequencyquestionnaireLogisticregressionutilizedexaminepresenceRESULTS:Comparedindividualsfirst21Ptrend���<���0calculated52P���<���0Individuals78%72%severecomparedlowestrespectivelyCONCLUSION:inverseobservedLarge-scaleprospectivecohortstudiesrequiredconfirmfindingsAdherencereferencediseases:Premature

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