Metaphorical framing of the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan: A corpus driven critical analysis of war metaphors in news media.

Arooj Rana, Tahir Ayoub, Shazia Akbar Ghilzai, Wasima Shehzad
Author Information
  1. Arooj Rana: Department of English, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
  2. Tahir Ayoub: Department of English, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
  3. Shazia Akbar Ghilzai: Department of English, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. ORCID
  4. Wasima Shehzad: Department of English, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Abstract

Metaphors are an essential part of how humans process and understand the world. Cognitive linguistics does not view metaphors as merely linguistic or rhetorical devices; rather, they are conceptual in nature and are central to the thought process. Therefore, the present research investigates the metaphorical depiction of the Covid-19 health emergency through the conceptual metaphor of WAR in three renowned Pakistani English Newspapers i.e. Dawn, The Express Tribune, and The News. Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) is specifically selected to uncover the covert and possibly unconscious intentions of language users in Newspaper discourse. Fifty (50) editorials on the subject of Covid-19 are specifically chosen and their language is meticulously observed by making a specialized Corpus PakNCovid-19. The size of the corpus is 17621 words. Moreover, Monoconc Corpus Tool is utilized to analyze the metaphorical depiction of Covid-19 as a WAR in Pakistani Newspaper discourse. The study highlights the explicit deployment of military concepts like BATTLE, ENEMY, WAR, SOLDIERS, FIGHT, and VICTORY to create the conception of WAR and to create SELF Vs OTHER distinctions between the Pakistani people and the medical illness of Covid-19. The inquiry demonstrates that to create a sense of urgency and to mobilize masses against the deadly virus, the metaphors of War have been used deliberately. The military concepts have been purposely employed to present Covid-19 as an 'alien', 'outsider', as well as an 'enemy' entity.

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MeSH Term

COVID-19
Humans
Pakistan
Metaphor
Pandemics
SARS-CoV-2
Mass Media
Newspapers as Topic
Pneumonia, Viral
Warfare
Coronavirus Infections

Word Cloud

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