A One Health Approach to Reducing Livestock Disease Prevalence in Developing Countries: Advances, Challenges, and Prospects.
Jennifer K Lane, Terra Kelly, Brian Bird, Erika Chenais, Annette Roug, Gema Vidal, Rodrigo Gallardo, Huaijun Zhou, Grace VanHoy, Woutrina Smith
Author Information
Jennifer K Lane: One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; email: jklane@ucdavis.edu, bhbird@ucdavis.edu, wasmith@ucdavis.edu.
Terra Kelly: EpiEcos, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA; email: terrakelly@epiecos.com.
Brian Bird: One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; email: jklane@ucdavis.edu, bhbird@ucdavis.edu, wasmith@ucdavis.edu.
Erika Chenais: Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Annette Roug: Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Palmer, Alaska, USA; email: roug.ats@gmail.com.
Gema Vidal: Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Swedish Veterinary Agency, Uppsala, Sweden; email: erika.chenais@sva.se, gema.vidal@sva.se.
Rodrigo Gallardo: Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; email: ragallardo@ucdavis.edu.
Huaijun Zhou: Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA; email: hzhou@ucdavis.edu.
Grace VanHoy: Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; email: gvanhoy@ucdavis.edu.
Woutrina Smith: One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; email: jklane@ucdavis.edu, bhbird@ucdavis.edu, wasmith@ucdavis.edu.
Challenges in livestock production in developing countries are often linked to a high disease prevalence and may be related to poor husbandry, feeding, and nutrition practices, as well as to inadequate access to preventive veterinary care. Structural barriers including chronic poverty, gender roles, inadequate supply chains, and limitations in surveillance infrastructure further complicate progress. Despite many challenges, the livestock sector substantially contributes to agricultural GDP, and reducing livestock disease prevalence is a goal for many countries. One Health initiatives that work across disciplines and sectors to reduce livestock diseases are underway around the world and use integrated approaches that consider the connections between humans, animals, and their shared environments. The growing recognition of the role livestock play in sustainability and livelihoods, as well as their involvement in zoonotic disease transmission and global health security, has highlighted the need for disease reduction strategies as described in this review.
